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字词 新学
释义

新学【英】

the new learning

译文来源

Mao Tse-tung. Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1965: 371.

定义

新学即“西学”, 与称为“旧学”或“中学”的中国封建主义传统思想文化相对。具体是指“五四”以前“由西方传入中国的资产阶级政治思想和学术文化”(金炳华,2003:880)。随着时代的变迁,西学概念的内涵外延也在不断变化。明末以降,主要指西方的自然科学和宗教、艺术等。近代洋务派的西学概念,则限于以“船坚炮利”为主的“富国强兵”之术,经张之洞概括为“西艺”、“西政”两个方面。“西艺”指算、绘、矿、医、声、光、化、电等自然科学和生产技术;“西政”指学校、地理、度支、赋税、武备、律刑、劝工、通商等富国强兵的具体政策和措施。从资产阶级改良派开始,西学主要用来指西方资产阶级的社会学说和资本主义的政治经济制度。西学的传播,对推动中国近代社会的变革起了重大的作用。严复指出中国救亡之道,自强之谋,在“以西学为要图”。严父在《救亡决论》中指出了新学与“旧学”的根本分歧,他指出“‘中国最重三纲,而西人首明平等;中国亲亲,而西人尚贤;中国以孝治天下,而西人以公治天下;中国尊主,而西人隆民。”可见,严复力图以西方的“新学”改造中国传统“旧学”。

定义来源

金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.

例句

1. 在“五四”以前,中国主化战争线上的斗争,是资产段级的新文化和封建阶级的旧文化的斗争。在“五四”以前,学校与科举之争,新学与旧学之争,西学与中学之争,都带着这种性质。——《毛泽东选集(第二卷)》,1991:696

1. Before the May 4th Movement, the struggle on China’s cultural front was one between the new culture of the bourgeoisie and the old culture of the feudal class. The struggles between the modern school system and the imperial examination system, between the new learning and the old learning, and between Western learning and Chinese learning, were all of this nature. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2), 1965: 371.

2. 那时的所谓学校,新学、西学,基本上都是资产阶级代表们所需要的自然科学和资产阶级的社会政治学说(说基本上,是那种中间还夹杂了许多中国的封建余毒在内)。——《毛泽东选集(第二卷)》,1991:696-697

2. The so-called modern schools or new learning or Western learning of that time concentrated mainly (we say mainly, because in part pernicious vestiges of Chinese feudalism still remained) on the natural sciences and bourgeois social and political theories, which were needed by the representatives of the bourgeoisie. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2), 1965: 371

3. 在当时,这种所谓新学的思想,有同中国封建思想做斗争的革命作用,是替旧时期的中国资产阶级民主革命服务的。——《毛泽东选集(第二卷)》,1991:697

3. At the time, the ideology of the new learning played a revolutionary role in fighting the Chinese feudal ideology, and it served the bourgeois-democratic revolution of the old period. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2), 1965: 371.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
以王安石父子为核心的新学是经汉学向经宋学蒋燮过程中出现的一个学术流派,属於广羲的宋学的一支。憑藉政治权力,新学獲得了官方正统学说的地位,在北宋后期的朝廷和社舍之上具有广泛的影响,追随者甚多。——《北宋新學研究》,复旦大学博士学位论文,2013
The New School was a very important academic faction in the procedure that Han Xue changed to Song Xue. Depended on the political power, New School became the orthodox academic in late northern Song dynasty, and had widespread influence and followers.

例句 2:
具体到《诗经》中的名物及名物学研究,就不能不提到北宋新学学派。——《论北宋新学学派的名物之学——以<诗经>草木研究为例》,河南大学硕士学位论文,2015
The Reformation School in Northern Song Dynasty is significant to the Thingology about the Book of Songs.

例句 3:
从发生学的角度,《走出“荆公新学”》较早地对学界“新学”、“王学”互指现象提出质疑,但也存在偏重官学形式而将两者割裂的问题。——“‘新学’与‘王学’探析——兼与徐规、杨天保两先生商榷”,载于《南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2006年03期
From its origin Going out of Jinggong Xinxue has questioned the bio-osmosis between the New School and the Wang School, but has the problem of dissevering the New School from the Wang School because of its emphasis on authority form too much.

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更新时间:2025/4/13 8:26:47