请输入您要查询的字词:

 

字词 学园派(又作 柏拉图学派)
释义

学园派(又作 柏拉图学派)【英】

the Academics; the Platonic School; the Academists

译文来源

[1] 冯契,徐孝通.外国哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2000:555.
[2] Platonic Academy. via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_Academy
[3] Plato: The Academy. via: http://www.iep.utm.edu/academy/
[4] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 138.

定义

从组织和思想上继承柏拉图创建的“学园”及其思想的古希腊哲学学派,因公元前387年柏拉图所建立的“学园”而得名,又称柏拉图学派。学园派历史长达900多年,大致分为三个阶段:(1)早期学园派,亦称“老学园派”。柏拉图于前347年去世后,学园相继由斯彪西波和色诺克拉提领导,根据毕达哥拉斯学派学说,重新解释柏拉图的理念论。认为理念不是事物的原理,因为理念是由数的原理派生的。其成员有的认为善不是万物的本原,“一”才是万物的本原,提出一种泛神论学说;有的提出类似于感觉、理智、意见的区别的观点;有的从事于伦理学研究。(2)中期学园派。奠基人是阿尔克西劳,在批评斯多亚学派的“理解论”的同时,接受皮浪怀疑主义的影响,使学园派朝怀疑主义发展。提出“悬搁判断”,认为知识是不可解的。(3)晚期学园派,亦称“新学园派”。奠基人是阿斯卡隆的安提奥库斯,回到独断论的同时,使学园派朝折衷主义发展。认为一无所知与怀疑一切是自相矛盾的,并认为学园派、逍遥学派、斯多亚学派哲学家的体系中的真理标准本质上是一致的。5世纪,学园在新柏拉图学派的普罗克洛等的领导下,成为新柏拉图主义的中心。529年与其他异教学术团体、学校一起被东罗马皇帝查士丁尼(Justinian,527—565年在位)下令关闭(冯契等,2000:555)。

定义来源

冯契,徐孝通.外国哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2000.

例句

1. 他还会看到,sophos不仅以斯多葛主义者的形象出现,也同样在伊壁鸠鲁派、新学园派和怀疑论派那里出现。一般说来,sophos是希腊的philosophos(爱智者,哲学家)借以出现在我们面前的最初的形象,在神话中是七贤,在实际中是苏格拉底,在斯多葛派、伊壁鸠鲁派、新学园派和怀疑论派那里则是一种理想。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三卷)》,1956:143

1. He will discover that the sophos is by no means only a Stoic but is met with just as much among the Epicureans, the Neo-academists and the Sceptics. Incidentally, the sophos is the first form in which the Greek philosophos confronts us; he appears mythologically in the seven wise men, in practice in Socrates, and as an ideal among the Stoics, Epicureans, Neo-academists and Sceptics. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5), 1975: 138.

2. 黑格尔在论及他时这样说:“他是当时第一个开创真正的哲学的人。”在九世纪的西欧人中他是唯一懂得希腊文的,他翻译了被认为是迪奥尼修斯法官的著作,从而重新建立了和古代哲学的最近一代人的联系,和亚历山大里亚新柏拉图学派的联系。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十六卷)》,1964:563

2. “He was the first with whom from then on true philosophy began,” Hegel says of him. Of all the West Europeans of the 9th century he alone understood Greek, and through his translation of the writings attributed to Dionysius, the Areopagite, he harked back to the last offshoot of the old philosophy, the Alexandrian Neoplatonic school. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 21), 1985: 178.

3. 亚历山大里亚新柏拉图学派是公元三世纪时出现于亚历山大里亚(埃及)的古代哲学中的一个反动的神秘主义流派,它反映了罗马帝国衰亡时期奴隶主贵族的思想体系。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十六卷)》,1964:809

3. Alexandrian Neoplatonic school—a trend in ancient philosophy originating in the third century A.D. in Alexandri a during the decline of the Roman Empire -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 21), 1985: 491.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
学界普遍认为伊壁鸡鲁学派、斯多亚学派和怀疑派是晚期希腊哲学的主要流派,并按这种划分将中期学园派和新学园派纳入怀疑派。这样的处理方式无法真实再现学园派自身的历史,也无法厘清怀疑主义与不可知论之间的差别。新学园派的思想原则应该是真理不可知而不是怀疑一切。——“论奥古斯丁对学园派的批判”,载于《吉林大学社会科学学报》2012年第6期
It is well known in the field that there are main schools in the later Greek philosophy: Stoics,Epicurean and Skeptics. The Academics both in its middle stage and new one, is put in the category of Skeptics,which can reveal neither the evolution of the Academics, nor the differences between skepticism and agnosticism. This paper intends to question the traditional idea by interpreting Augustine’s Contra Academics to, and points out that the principle of New Academy is unknowable truth rather than doubting everything.

例句 2:
长期以来,西方的奥古斯丁研究深受“普通市民”叙事的影响,对其家庭的经济社会背景作了“最小化”估计。奥古斯丁在《忏悔录》《驳学园派》等著作中关于自身家世情形的各种叙述具有不同的写作语境与文学目的,都不是支持“最小化”解读的充分证据。——“‘普通市民’抑或‘上等人’:奥古斯丁家庭背景重估”,载于《历史研究》2016年第5期
In the West, Augustinian studies have long been influenced by this “ordinary citizen” narrative, “minimizing” the economic and social background of Augustine’s family in their assessments. Although the various family narratives Augustine provides in his Confessions, Against the Academics and other works were composed in different contexts and had different literary objectives, none constitutes full and sufficient evidence for th

随便看

 

汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2024 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/7/1 8:33:23