字词 | 货币拜物教 |
释义 | 货币拜物教【英】money worship; fetishism of money; material fetishism译文来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:661. 定义货币拜物教,是指在以私有制为基础的商品经济中,金、银天然就是货币并支配人们命运的假象,以及由此而产生的人们将货币当作神来祟拜的一种原始的宗教迷信(许征帆,1987:819)。货币拜物教是将货币神秘化的一种观念,是商品拜物教的发展形态(刘炳瑛,1988:517)。商品是人生产出来用以交换满足人们某种需要的劳动产品,由于商品生产者相互独立而又相互依赖的社会关系,生产商品的劳动具有私人性和社会性。由于生产的私有性与交换的社会性,商品生产者之间劳动的交换关系表现为商品的交换关系,人与人之间的社会关系表现为物与物之间的交换关系。在市场上,商品的命运对商品生产者的命运起着重要作用。商品与商品相互交换的关系掩盖了商品生产者之间的社会关系。于是,商品拜物教出现了(何盛明,1990:436)。货币是随着商品交换的发展而产生的。作为一般等价物,货币具有三个特点,一是因具有使用价值,成为价值的表现形式;二是含有具体劳动,成为抽象劳动的表现形式;三是含有私人劳动,成为社会劳动的表现形式(刘佩弦,1988:460)。由于货币的职能随着商品经济的发展而日益扩大,于是产生一种假象,在商品生产者面前,金、银貌似天然就是货币,并具有支配人们命运的神秘力量。但实际上,金、银的货币属性是商品交换的自然结果,货币只是一定社会关系的产物(许征帆,1987:819)。 定义来源[1] 许征帆.马克思主义辞典[Z].吉林大学出版社,1987. 例句1. “商品形式是资产阶级生产的最一般的和最不发达的形式(所以它早就出现了,虽然它不像今天这样是统治的、从而是典型的形式),因而,它的拜物教性质显得还比较容易看穿。”而对货币拜物教的批判,则是马克思对资本主义复杂的物化和颠倒的社会关系结构第二层级进行揭露的标志。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:616 1. “The mode of production in which the product takes the form of a commodity, or is produced directly for exchange, is the most general and most embryonic form of bourgeois production. It therefore makes its appearance at an early date in history, though not in the same predominating and characteristic manner as nowadays. Hence its fetish character is comparatively easy to be seen through.” Marx’s critique of the fetishism of money, on the other hand, constitutes the second level of his analysis of the complex objectified and inverted structure of capitalist social relations. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 487. 2. 这说到正点上了,商品形式的秘密在马克思那里即商品拜物教。完整准确地说,应该是三大拜物教(商品拜物教、货币拜物教和资本拜物教)。齐泽克一般只论及这第一种形式的拜物教。但齐泽克不是依循马克思的分析逻辑,他满脑子都是那个善于变换的拉康。——《文本的深度耕犁: 后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:355 2. Correct! For Marx, the secret of the commodity form is the commodity fetishism. (Precisely, it is threefold: commodity fetishism, material fetishism, and capital fetishism, of which Zizek generally focuses on the first.) But Zizek, obsessed with that unpredictable Lacan, does not to follow the Marxist logic. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 260. 3. 人们在自己的社会生产过程中的单纯原子般的关系,从而,人们自己的生产关系的不受他们控制和不以他们有意识的个人活动为转移的物的形式,首先就是通过他们的劳动产品普遍采取商品形式这一点而表现出来。因此,货币拜物教的谜就是商品拜物教的谜,只不过变得明显了,耀眼了。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷)》,1972:111 3. In the form of society now under consideration, the behaviour of men in the social process of production is purely atomic. Hence their relations to each other in production assume a material character independent of their control and conscious individual action. These facts manifest themselves at first by products as a general rule taking the form of commodities. We have seen how the progressive development of a society of commodity producers stamps one privileged commodity with the character of money. Hence the riddle presented by money is but the riddle presented by commodities; only it now strikes us in its most glaring form. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35), 1996: 103. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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