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字词 超额准备(又作超额准备金)
释义

超额准备(又作超额准备金)【英】

excess reserves

译文来源

[1] Excess reserves. via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess_reserves
[2] 中国人民银行办公厅关于印发《经济金融术语汉英对照表》的通知.via: http://www.pkulaw.cn/fulltext_form.aspx?Db=chl&Gid=33680&keyword=%e8%b6%85%e9%a2%9d%e5%87%86%e5%a4%87&EncodingName=&Search_Mode=accurate

定义

超额准备亦称“超额准备金”, 是总准备金减去银行或存款机构按货币当局规定必须保留的法定准备金后的剩余部分。超额准备对商业银行的资产业务规模有很重要的影响。超额准备的增加,意味着该银行的潜在放款或投资能力增强,但在这部分准备金未动用之前,超额准备越大,潜在的利息损失也越大。由于超额准备的形成实际上是银行有扩张能力却没有扩张到最大限度的结果,同时保留超额储备大都是以预防意外的大额提现,或是为了购买证券。所以,在西方有许多经济学家又把超额准备称为“风险准备”(刘伟等,1994:1306)。在我国超额准备金又称“备付金”、“存款备付金”(刘树成,2005:88)。
 各国一般都以法律形式、规定商业银行必须保留最低数额的准备金,存放于中央银行,为法定准备金,在我国,它是法定准备金率与商业银行存款总额之乘积。准备金超过法定准备金部分,便是超额准备金。商业银行在其经营活动中,须对其吸收的存款持有若干准备金,其数量首先受法定准备率的限制。其次,商业银行等金融机构在追求利润的同时,还必须考虑其资产流动性、风险性等,因而所持有的实际准备一般会与法定准备存在一定差额,由此产生超额准备。当实际准备大于法定准备时,则超额准备为正数;反之,则超额准备为负数。负数的超额准备通常必须在下一计算期内补足。超额准备一般包括借入准备和非借入准备。借入准备是商业银行由于准备不足向拥有超额准备的银行借入的货币资金。超额准备中扣除借入准备,即为非借入准备,又称自有准备(超额准备金.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B6%85%E9%A2%9D%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87%E9%87%91)。

定义来源

[1] 刘伟,梁小民,雎国余,杨云龙.经济学大辞典[Z].团结出版社,1994.
[2] 刘树成.现代经济辞典[Z].凤凰出版社,2005.
[3] 超额准备金.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B6%85%E9%A2%9D%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87%E9%87%91

例句

1. 超额备付金=商业银行在中央银行的超额准备金存款+库存现金。——《商业银行流动性风险管理办法(试行)》,2014

1. Excess reserves = Excess reserve deposits of a commercial bank placed with the central bank + Cash on hand Excess reserve ratio = Excess reserves / Total deposits × 100%. -Quoted from Measures for the Liquidity Risk Management of Commercial Banks (for Trial Implementation), 2014. via:http://en.pkulaw.cn/display.aspx?cgid=218941&lib=law

2. 三、金融机构存款利率保持不变。人民银行对金融机构的贷款利率、存款准备金利率和超额准备金存款利率保持不变。——《中国人民银行关于调整金融机构人民币贷款利率的通知》,2006

2. III. The interest rates for the saving deposits in financial institutions shall remain unchanged. The interest rates for the loans which the People's Bank of China granted to the financial institutions, the deposit reserve interest rates or the excessive reserve deposit interest rates of financial institutions shall not remain unchanged. -Quoted from Notice of the People's Bank of China on Adjusting the RMB Loan Interest Rates of Financial Institutions, 2006. via:http://en.pkulaw.cn/display.aspx?cgid=78774&lib=law

3. 邮政汇兑资金在人民银行贷方余额执行超额准备金利率,按日计息,按季结息,计息期间遇利率调整分段计息,每季度末月的20日为结息日。——《中国人民银行关于人民币存贷款计结息问题的通知》,2005

3. For postal exchange funds, the interest rate of excess reserves shall be implemented in the credit balance of the People's Bank, and shall be calculated each day and paid on the quarterly basis according to the prevailing deposit interest rate, and the 20th day of the last month of each quarter shall be the date for the settlement of interest. -Quoted from Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Calculation and Settlement of Interest for RMB Deposits and Loans, 2005. via:http://en.pkulaw.cn/display.aspx?cgid=59344&lib=law

网络参考例句

例句 1:
1994年我国银行体系内首次出现存差并且逐年递增,上升势头十分迅猛,银行体系内出现大量的流动性资产,超额准备金率一直处于较高水平。——《我国企业思想政治教育激励现状及对策研究》,石家庄铁道大学硕士学位论文,2016
In 1994, China's banking system appeared for the first time and kept increasing year by year, and the trend of increase was very swift and violent. There was a large amount of liquidity assets in the banking system, and the excess reserve ratio has been at a high level.

例句 2:
商业银行超额准备金率与货币乘数密切相关,超额准备金率的变动直接影响货币乘数的稳定性,而货币乘数稳定是我国货币政策调控机制发挥作用的前提条件。——《我国商业银行超额准备金率变动及对货币乘数影响分析》,暨南大学硕士学位论文,2010
The commercial bank excess reserve rate and the monetary multiplier is closely related to the stability of the excess reserve rate changes directly affect the money multiplier, the money multiplier of China's monetary policy stability is the premise of the exertion of regulation mechanism.

例句 3:
我国货币政策包括常规性政策工具、选择性政策工具和其他政策工具等多种政策工具,以货币供应量为中介目标,以金融机构超额准备金率和货币市场利率为操作目标。——《构建我国名义货币状况指数及对我国货币政策效果进行检验》,对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文,2012
This complete system, which includes conventional policy tools, selective policy instruments and a range of other policy tools, uses broad money supply as the intermediate target, and money market interest rate and financial institutions’ excess reserve ratio as the operating target.

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更新时间:2024/7/1 9:07:57