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字词 修身
释义

修身【英】

to cultivate the moral self; to cultivate morality; (to be strict in) self-development

译文来源

Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 188, 193, 421.

定义

修身是修养身心,主要指个人在道德上的自我锻炼、自我改造以及由此达到的道德水平和境界。修身作为道德活动形式之一,是个人自觉地将一定社会的道德要求转变为个人道德品质的内在过程。不同社会、时代和阶级的修身有不同的目标、途径、内容和方法。语出《墨子·非儒》:“夫一道术学业仁义者,皆大以治国,小以任官,远施周徧,近以修身。”中国古代社会十分重视修身。孔子强调“内省”,主张“修己以敬”、“修己以安百姓”,把修身与维护封建统治秩序相联系。孟子从性善论出发,强调“反省内求”,以达到养成“配义与道”的“浩然之气”的境界。荀子则认为通过“伏术”可以使“深之人为禹”,具有朴素的道德平等思想。《礼记·大学》进一步把“修身”与政治相联系,认为要齐家、治国、平天下,必须先要“修身”;强调“自天子以至于庶人,壹是皆以修身为本”。宋明理学家的修身论以“存天理、灭人欲”为纲。程颐和朱熹提出“主敬”的修养功夫,认为“敬则天理常明,自然人欲惩窒消治”。王守仁认为“格物”即“正心”,可以达到“致良知”、“破心中贼”的目的(金炳华等,2001:1723)。宗教神学也提倡修身,但把修身看成是通往天堂,达到与神合一的必经过程,具有明显的禁欲主义色彩。以往的修身论都以抽象人性论为基础,脱离社会实践,但也提供了一些有价值的思想材料和具体方法。马克思主义认为,人的道德品质是在社会实践中形成的,并随着社会实践的发展而变化。提高个人的内在的道德品质的根本方法是与社会实践相联系。人的意识,包括道德品质的变化只有在实际运动中,在革命中才有可能实现,革命阶级只有在革命中才能抛掉自己身上一切陈旧的肮脏东西。刘少奇指出,共产主义道德修养的实质,就是“用无产阶级的思想意识去同自己的各种非无产阶级意识进行斗争;用共产主义的世界观去同自己的各种非共产主义的世界观进行斗争;用无产阶级的、人民的、党的利益高于一切的原则去同自己的个人主义思想进行斗争”,并认为“如果不这样做,我们就不能进步,就不能实现改造社会的任务”(刘少奇,2002:57)。

定义来源

[1] 金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001.
[2] 刘少奇. 论共产党员的修养典[M].人民出版社,2002.

例句

1. 中国古代历来讲格物致知、诚意正心、修身齐家、治国平天下。从某种角度看,格物致知、诚意正心、修身是个人层面的要求,齐家是社会层面的要求,治国平天下是国家层面的要求。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:169

1. Since ancient times the Chinese people have developed their country through studying the nature of things to acquire knowledge, correcting thoughts with sincerity, cultivating the moral self, managing the family, governing the state and safeguarding peace under Heaven. As we see it today, the principles of “studying the nature of things, correcting thoughts with sincerity and cultivating the moral self” are for individuals; the principle of “managing the family” is for the society; and those of “governing the state and safeguarding peace under Heaven” are for the country. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 188.

2. 道德之于个人、之于社会,都具有基础性意义,做人故事第一位的是崇德修身。这就是我们的用人标准为什么是德才兼备、以德为先,因为德是首要、是方向,一个人只有明大德、守公德、严私德,其才方能用得其所。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:173

2. Virtues are fundamental for both individuals and society. What is most important is to cultivate morality. This explains why we select those who are both talented and morally cultivated for our work, with morality as priority. One can be placed in the right position only if one recognizes virtue, follows social ethics and restricts personal desires. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 192-193.

3. 严以修身,就是要加强党性修养,坚定理想信念,提升道德境界,追求高尚情操,自觉远离低级趣味,自觉抵制歪风邪气。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:381

3. Being strict in self-development means that leading officials should strengthen their sense of Party awareness, stand firm in support of the ideals and principles of the Party, cultivate integrity, pursue lofty goals, make a point of distancing themselves from vulgar interests, and resist unhealthy practices and evil influences. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 421.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
墨家是我国春秋战国时期百家争鸣的主要派别之一,而修身思想是墨家思想体系中的重要组成部分,也是我国传统文化中的一项重要内容。——《墨家修身思想及其现代意义研究》,西北师范大学硕士学位论文,2014
The contention of a hundred schools of thought in China is one of the main factions in the spring and Autumn period, and the moral thoughts is an important part of the system, but also the traditional Chinese culture is an important part of the.

例句 2:
修身在中华文化体系中占有重要地位,本文着重论述修身的途径与方法。孟子与荀子在修身思想上虽不逸出儒家传统的藩篱,却有“内圣”与“外王”的不同侧重。荀子言性恶,故强调修身过程中外在的“礼”的制约,是一种“由外砾内”的修身方式。荀子的理论中,对人性的透析,对人情的关注,对社会现实的理解,使荀子的修身观更呈现出规范性、可行性、实践性、社会性等诸多特点。——《荀子“修身观”的近代解读》,东北师范大学硕士学位论文,2008
In the Chinese Culture system, cultivation culture has an important position. Mencius and Xunzi not only have the argument on the cultivation of traditional Confucian, but also have focusing on different aspects. The manner of Xunzi's cultivation not only has the consistent with Confucian, but also has his own character. Xunzi believe that the human nature is bad, so he advocates `Li' and the Li comes into the heart from outside. We always ignore that the manner of Xunzi's cultivation is more standardized, feasible, practical, and social characteristics. This paper can be

例句 3:
“修身”进路的最后归结处则是它的目标,因此第五章论述“为何修身?”,也就是分析“修身的目的”。对于这一问题的解答,主要从个人修身所要达到的“理想人格”,以及“齐家治国”的社会性角度,还有历史文化发展的时间性维度分别加以考察。——《儒家视域中的修身之道——荀子身体思想研究》,华东师

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更新时间:2024/6/29 10:23:52