请输入您要查询的字词:

 

字词 表象
释义

表象【英】

representation

译文来源

金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:209.

定义

表象又称心象或意象,是指头脑中所保持的关于事物的映象(彭克宏,1989:216)。“表象是曾经作用于感官的那些客观对象的形象的再现,也就是知觉的再现。表象的存在是不以客观对象直接作用于感觉器官为条件的。即使某种知觉已经消失了多年,也仍然可以在头脑中使它再现出来,形成表象”(李达,2014:372)。表象的的基本特征是直觉性和形象性。按照反映事物的特性不同,表象可以分为反映一类事物共同特性的一般表象和反映某一事物独有特性的个别表象。按表象形成时分析器的主导作用,表象又可以分为视觉、听觉、触觉、运动觉等单一的记忆表象。“表象是记忆的重要形式,是想象的必要材料。有了表象,人才能再现过去的认识成果,才能将过去的事物和当前的事物加以比较和联系,才能进行思维。因此,表象是人由对客观事物的直接感知过渡到抽象思维以进行创造性想象的一个必经的中间环节”(彭克宏,1989:216)。表象是感觉材料的初步概括,比感觉和知觉更接近理性认识,但是他仍然是感性认识。它所提供的仍然是可以描绘、模仿的感性形象,而不是事物的内在的本质的联系。它同反映事物的内部联系而不提供外部形象的概念仍然有着质的区别(李达,2014:373)。

定义来源

[1] 彭克宏.社会科学大词典[Z].中国国际广播出版社,1989.
[2] 李达.唯物辩证法大纲[M].人民出版社,2014.

例句

1. 马克思说,黑格尔是“把自己从苹果的观念推移到梨的观念这种他本人的活动,说成‘一般果实’这个绝对主体的自我活动”。 这也就是说,黑格尔唯心主义地将“利用感性直观和表象从一实物推移到另一实物时所经历的过程,说成想象的理智本质本身即绝对主体本身所完成的过程”。 套用黑格尔自己的话,那就是“把实体了解为主体,了解为内部的过程,了解为绝对的人格”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:274

1. Marx argues that Hegel “declares his own activity, by which he passes from the idea of an apple to the idea of a pear, to be the self-activity of the Absolute Subject, ‘the Fruit’ ,” In other words, in an idealist manner, Hegel “ presents as a process of the imagined creation of the mind itself, of the Absolute Subject, the process by which the philosopher through sensory perception and imagination passes from one subject to another”. To use Hegel’s words, this is “comprehending Substance as Subject, as an inner process, as an Absolute Person”. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 209.

2. 马克思说:“具体之所以具体,因为它是许多规定的综合,因而是多样性的统一。”唯心主义在这里陷入了把现实在思维中的再现同现实本身的实际结构混为一谈的幻想。因为现实“在思维中表现为综合的过程,表现为结果,而不是表现为起点,虽然它是真正的起点,因而也是直观和表象的起点。”——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:56

2. Marx says, “because it is a synthesis of many particular determinants, i.e. a unity of diverse elements.” Idealism succumbs here to the seclusion of confusing the intellectual reproduction of reality with the actual structure of reality itself. For “in thought, reality appears as the process of synthesis, not as starting-point, but as outcome, although it is the real starting- point and hence the stating-point for perception and ideas.” -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 9.

3. 但是,思维和存在的关系问题还有另一个方面:我们关于我们周围世界的思想对这个世界本身的关系是怎样的?我们的思维能不能认识现实世界?我们能不能在我们关于现实世界的表象和概念中正确地反映现实?用哲学的语言来说,这个问题叫做思维和存在的同一性问题,绝大多数哲学家对这个问题都作了肯定的回答。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十一卷)》,1965:316

3. But the question of the relation of thinking and being has yet another side: in what relation do our thoughts about the world surrounding us stand to this world itself? Is our thinking capable of cognition of the real world? Are we able in our ideas and notions of the real world to produce a correct reflection of reality? In the language of philosophy this question is called the question of the identity of thinking and being, and the overwhelming majority of philosophers answer it in the affirmative. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 26), 1990: 367.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
心理表象在多种情绪障碍中均表现出病理性特点。——“情绪障碍及其干预:心理表象的视角”,载于《心理科学进展》2016年第4期
Abnormal mental imagery is a common phenomenon across many emotional disorders.

例句 2:
运动表象指运动员在头脑中运用所有感官(视觉、听觉、触觉、本体感觉等)再现或重构一个经历。——《视觉参与程度对不同速度运动物体表象准确性的影响》,首都体育学院硕士学位论文,2012
Imagery has been defined as “using all the senses (visual, auditory, tactile, proprio- ceptive,etc.) to re-create or create an experience in the mind”.

例句 3:
在以往的文献中量子力学的表象都是纯态表象,在本文中我们从算符的合理排序和概率统计的正态分布思想出发,首次提出了量子力学混合态表象的概念,并证明了其完备性和正交性。量子力学混合态表象的优点是可以反映算符的多种表示以及其相应的排序规则。——“量子力学混合态表象”,载于《物理学报》2014年第19期
In the previous studies and literatures, quantum mechanics representations are a pure state representation, while in this paper beginning with reasonable ordering of operators in quantum mechanics and the normal distribution thought in probability statistics, we propose the concept of quantum mechanics mixed state representation firstly, and prove its completeness and orthogonality. The advantages of mixed state representation is that it can reflect a variety of expression of quantum mechanics operators and the corresponding operators ordering rules.

随便看

 

汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2024 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/6/29 10:47:43