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字词 传统主义
释义

传统主义【英】

traditionalism

译文来源

Sim, S. Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History [M]. London: Routledge, 2001: 11.

定义

传统主义(traditionalism)最初指盛行于十九世纪的神哲学的学说,指人类必须有神的“原始启示”才能认识超自然的真理。这种启示在社会的“传统”,包含口传、语言、教育中传递下来。要靠“信仰”才能获得这种启示的真理,否认人的“理智”能认识这些真理。传统主义“早期的代表人物有迈斯特尔、德波那和拉梅内等严格的传统主义者,以及受存在主义影响的波担。十九世纪中叶的领导人是文都拉、波内底等缓和的传统主义者,当时传统主义的大本营在鲁汶大学。严格的传统主义受近代认识论影响而怀疑亚里士多德所说的‘推论理智’,故与士林学派对立,主张靠信仰才能获得传统传下来的原始启示。缓和的传统主义则修订为在天主启示之后,人藉传统可发展人的理智,以获取天主和道德原则的知识,并可证明天主的和其他的基本真理”(神学辞典.via:http://www.tianzhujiao.info/book/html/131/7737.html)。简言之,“当传统被有意识地强调,其权威达到神圣化的程度而受到尊重时,就成了‘传统主义’,例如反对18世纪法国启蒙时代唯物论倾向、固守中世纪天主教传统的德·麦斯特勒的立场,以及19世纪末同样在法国以布尔格特为代表的反自然主义的文艺思潮,都被称作传统主义”(竹内敏雄,1988:243)。在后来的语境中,“传统主义”概念使用泛化,在艺术领域、文化领域、政治领域均有涉及。

定义来源

[1] 神学辞典.via:http://www.tianzhujiao.info/book/html/131/7737.html
[2] (日)竹内敏雄.美学百科辞典[Z].刘晓路译.湖南人民出版社,1988.

例句

1. 就“纯洁的”工人阶级是一种谬论而言,社会主义没有其他真正的选择,只有尽可能积极地参与到“后一”世界的争论之中,对传统主义作出尽可能少的让步,尤其是对如下传统主义(在铁杆左翼那里仍然繁荣发展)作出尽可能少的让步:它以阶级和政党规定了一种统一的政治路径,并且这种统一不可以简单地称为“虚假意识”的结果。——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:17

1. Given that a ‘pure’ working class is a fallacy, socialism has no real option but to enter into the debates of the post-world with as much spirit, and as few concessions to traditionalism, as it can—especially the traditionalism (still flourishing on the ‘hard left’) that specified a unity of approach to politics in both class and party terms, and where that unity was not found simply labelled the result ‘false consciousness’. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 11.

2. 对工人阶级的残余信奉表明了一种类似的观念传统主义,并且人们可以理解像利奥塔这样的后马克思主义者为什么会加以反对,就像他反对这种特殊的迷恋一样,“这里有一个问题。政治知识分子,为什么你倾向于无产阶级?怜悯什么呢?” ——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:53

2. The residual commitment to the working class signals a similar traditionalism of outlook, and one can appreciate why a post-Marxist such as Lyotard could react as he did to this particular obsession: ‘And here is the question. Why, political intellectuals, do you incline towards the proletariat? In commiseration for what?’ -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 34.

3. 有人可能指责在上文所讨论的著作中高歌猛进的好斗的反传统主义,因为这种反传统主义关注的是此时此刻,拒绝陷入历史的错误。尽管我们能够理解这一立场的要求,但是难以看到它会转变成群众的政治行动(这始终是马克思主义的首要目标)。——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:90

3. One might find fault with the militant anti-traditionalism coursing through the works discussed above, with its concentration on the immediate moment and refusal to be bogged down in the mistakes of history. While one can understand the appeal of such a position, it is hard to see it translating into mass political action (always Marxism’s prime objective). -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 58.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本文首先从伦理道德、政治制度、文化教育、文学艺术、国民人格等方面梳理了陈独秀反传统主义思想的主要脉络和基本内涵,并分析了其反传统主义的内在逻辑结构和重心所在;其次,通过分析,归纳总结了陈独秀反传统主义思想具有的反孔排儒、破立统一、毫不妥协的坚定性和强烈感情倾向等三大特征;运用历史分析、逻辑分析和心理分析的方法,追踪探解当时陈独秀反传统主义思想行为的主观动机和客观效果,反驳当时和后世对他的误解,从历史和现实的互动中确立陈独秀反传统主义的历史高度。——“解读五四时期陈独秀的反传统主义”,载于《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2002年第3期
In relation to Chen Duxiu s anti-traditionalist thought, the main threads and the basic intension are combed out from ethics and morality, political institution, culture and education, literature and arts, and national personalit; and its immanent logical construction and its key points are analysed. Anti-traditionalism unity of revolution and reconstruct, and uncompromising staunchness and effectivity as its three characteristics are summed up by analysis and induction. The subjective motive and objective effect of Chen Duxius anti-traditionalist thought and behaviour at that given time are traced and explored by using historical analysis, logical analysis and psychoanalysis. The misconstruction placed on him then and later ages is refuted The historical height, the enlightened value, and the influence across time and space of Chen Duxiu anti-traditionalism should be established from the interaction of history and reality.

例句 2:
对经典的诠释或者抱持传统主义的态度,或者持反传统主义的立场。文章在分析了学者们的上述立场之后,进行了分析并展开批判,指出学者们所持的态度和立场背后都隐藏着

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更新时间:2024/6/29 10:46:14