字词 | 绝对的和可交换的价值 |
释义 | 绝对的和可交换的价值【英】absolute and exchangeable value译文来源约翰·伊特韦尔.新帕尔格雷夫经济学大辞典[Z].经济科学出版社,1996:3. 定义绝对价值就是指商品的绝对价值。商品的绝对价值就是指社会规定同种同质等量的商品,不管人们是用什么办法把它生产出来并运送到同一市场上,并在同一时间段内出售,其内含的价值量是相等的,因此只能以相同的价格来出售的社会现象。同时,商品的绝对价值也是指社会规定同种同质等量商品在同一时间段内,但是在不同的时间内段出售,其内含的价值量可能是不相等的。因此可能不得不以不同的价格出售的社会现象。可交换价值, 即是可以转换成商品的价值, 可以出售的价值。任何理论都不可能否认可交换价值在现代文明生活中的重要作用, 我们生活中的绝大部分所需用品, 都是通过价值交换来实现的。正是社会行为价值交换的普遍实现, 才使社会个体成员的创造活力被广泛激发出来, 成为推动社会的巨大动力。可交换价值是建立在资本权威基础之上的, 也即是建立在社会财富分配不平等的基础之上的, 可交换价值刺激社会个体成员在物质需求上形成竞争, 并导致社会物质财富的增长。(谢嘉幸,2004:35-47) 定义来源[1] 谢嘉幸.论不可交换价值[J].系统辩证学学报,2004. 例句1. 既然“真理”和历史一样,是以太的、脱离物质群众的主体,所以,它小是而向经验的人,而是而向“心灵的深处”,它为了成为“真正被认识了的”真理,不去影响居住在英国的地下室中或是法国库房的阁楼里的人的粗糙的躯体,而是通过他的整个唯心主义的肠道“徐徐伸展”。不错,绝对的批判向“群众”证明:到现在为止,群众曾按自己的方式即在表而上被那些山历史仁慈地“揭开”的真理所触及;但同时批判又预言道:“群众对历史进步的态度将根本改变。”这一批判预言的神秘含义对我们说来却是“明如自昼”。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二卷):神圣家族》,1957:102 1. Since, the ‘Truth’, like history, is an ethereal subject separate from the material mass, it addresses itself not to the empirical man but to the innermost “depths of the sour”, in order to be “truly apprehended'' it does not act on his vulgar body, which may live deep down in an English cellar or at the top of a French block of flats; it “stretches” all from end to end through his idealistic intestines”. Absolute Criticism does certify that “the mass” has so far in its own way, i.e. , superficially, been affected by the truths that history has been so gracious as to “put forward”; but at the same time it prophesies that the attitude of the mass to historical progress will ”completely change”. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 4): The Holy Family, 1975: 80. 2. 也因此,德波才说,“伪循环时间实际上不过是生产体系的商品时间的消费性伪装。它包含着商品时间的基本特性,即可交换的同类单位和质性向度的抑制。作为商品时间的副产品,它的功能是促进和保持日常生活的滞后性,它充满着虚假并暴露自己为一个系列伪个性化的瞬间”。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思主义思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:128 2. Debord hence remarks, “Pseudo-cyclical time is in fact merely the consumable disguise of the time-as-commodity of the production system, and it exhibits the essential traits of that time: homogeneous and exchangeable units, and the suppression of any qualitative dimension. But as a by-product of time-as-commodity intended to promote and maintain the backwardness of everyday life it necessarily finds itself laden with false attributions of value, and it must manifest itself as a succession of artificially distinct moments.” -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 183. 3. 这种向后的逻辑在先前的思想史中其实也曾出现过,如中国孔夫子克己复礼的愿景,它是一种将已经成为历史的曾在作为衡量当下现实的外在价值尺度。可是,此处被莫斯作为本体论愿景的曾在是当代人类学田野作业的重要研究成果,其理论价值不可低估。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:156 3. This backward logic appeared in previous history, for example, the Confucian vision of self-abnegation and etiquette-restoration, which regards a historical past as a gauge of value to measure the present reality. Mauss's ontological vision of the past is an important achievement in the fieldwork of modem anthropology and its theoretical value can never be overestimated. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 219. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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