可知论【英】

Cognosciblism; the theory of knowability

译文来源

[1] 金炳华.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2001：748.
[2] Fitch's paradox of knowability. via:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitch%27s_paradox_of_knowability

定义

可知论是指世界上一切客观体都可以接受科学研究，都可以被人认识的世界观，与之相对的是不可知论。可知论者认为世界是可以为人所认识的，世界上只有尚未被认识的事物，不存在不能认识的事物。（可知论.via: http://baike.sogou.com/v649592.htm?fromTitle=可知论）。可知论认为一切客观体都具有可知性，而不是认为人能够遍知宇宙物质分布状态、运动趋势和运动规律。它强调的是认识的客体，而不是认识主体和认识过程。支持可知论的主要是唯物主义者和主观唯心主义者，两者又有质的区别。唯物主义者持可知论主要是基于“一切皆有规律”和“物质不以意识为转移”两个理论归结出来的。而主观唯心主义者认为，世界的本源就是自己的意识，在自己的意识范围内，世界当然是可知的（可知论.via: http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=_XZyaa6qatkft6FacDn88IXIjLmfZeBg2h-ssxBqxiQPb1ZIi_4bULmzDF0qXIa-1Qo-Bn-J5d09xOxTG3E1y_）。

定义来源

[1] 可知论.via:
http://baike.sogou.com/v649592.htm?fromTitle=可知论
[2] 可知论.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=_XZyaa6qatkft6FacDn88IXIjLmfZeBg2h-ssxBqxiQPb1ZIi_4bULmzDF0qXIa-1Qo-Bn-J5d09xOxTG3E1y_

例句

1. 对这一问题的无条件承认，对其克服的放弃，直接导致各种形式的虚构学说（Fiktionslehre）；导致对任何一种（在关于存在的科学的意义上的）形而上学的拒绝，导致制定这样一种目标，即把握各个极其专门化的部分性领域的现象，其手段是依靠非常适应于这些领域的抽象的预测性的部分性体系，而并不试图以此为出发点，把可知的整体统一地如以把握，甚至把这种尝试当作“非科学”而加以拒绝。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》，1996：189

1. The unconditional recognition of this problem, the renouncing of attempts to solve it leads directly to the various theories centring on the notion of fiction. It leads to the rejection of every ‘metaphysics’ (in the sense of ontology) and also to positing as the aim of philosophy the understanding of the phenomena of isolated, highly specialised areas by means of abstract rational special systems, perfectly adapted to them and without making the attempt to achieve a unified mastery of the whole realm of the knowable. (Indeed any such attempt is dismissed as ‘unscientific’). -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1968: 120.

2. 但是这种现实作为自在之物是被置于“批判”精神可认识的范围之外的。对于这一现实（对康德来讲，就象他的伦理学证明了的，也是真正的、形而上学的现实），他的态度仍旧是怀疑论和不可知论，尽管他为认识论的客观性、为思维固有的真理学说找到的答案是多么远离怀疑论。——《历史与阶级意识：关于马克思辩证法的研究》，1996：294

2. But this reality is treated as a thing-in-itself and placed outside the realm of that which can be known by the ‘critical’ mind. It is with respect to this reality (which is the authentic, the metaphysical reality for Kant, as his ethics shows) that his position remains one of scepticism and agnosticism. This remains true however unsceptical was the solution he found for epistemological objectivity and the immanent theory of truth. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1968: 200-201.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
在此基础上，作者总结了西方古代主流知识论的理论特征，即：本质主义、理性主义和可知论。——“论西方古代知识论的主流——柏拉图、西塞罗、奥古斯丁对知识的探究”，载于《求是学刊》2011年第1期
At lastm the author sums up the theoretical features of the Western main trend of the theory of knowledge in ancient time, namely essentialism, rationalism and cognosciblism.

例句 2：
费尔巴哈认识论是唯物主义的直观反映论、辩证的可知论,但也存在主观能动性不足、唯物主义立场不彻底等缺陷。——《马克思“新唯物主义”哲学对费尔巴哈哲学的扬弃》，华东师范大学博士学位论文，2012
Feuerbach’s epistemology is a kind of materialistic intuitive theory of reflection and a dialectical cognosciblism. It has defects like insufficient subjective initiative and incomplete materialistic stand.

例句 3：
在思维和存在的关系问题上，哲学史上一直存在着两种对立的观点：可知论和不可知论。——《作为意见的真理——关于思维和存在关系的一个哲学史的考察与结论》，西南师范大学硕士学位论文，2003
In history of philosophy, there always exists a controversy between the cognosciblism and the agnosticism about the relation of thinking and existence