字词 | 预期 |
释义 | 预期【英】expectations;expectation译文来源[1] 刘伟.经济学大辞典[Z].团结出版社,1994:655. 定义经济单位所必须做出的决策中,绝大多数都包含有对未来的不确定性。这样,任何意在刻画人类行为的经济模型都可能包含有人们对未来不确定的经济变量的预期。在经济学的许多领域里都包含有预期,如跨时期的消费或劳动供给决策理论、厂商的定价、销售、投资、存货决策理论,金融市场和货币理论以及保险理论等都包含有预期。 定义来源刘伟.经济学大辞典[Z].团结出版社,1994. 例句1. 资本是劳动的产物,利润不过是那一产物的一部分,这一产物被无偿地剥夺,只允许劳动者去消费他自己生产的东西的一部分”。所以,在资产阶级社会的经济运行中,“资本家成了社会一切财富的所有者,在生产这些财富时,资本家就是按照这一原则行事的,一般来说,他们永远不会允许劳动者得到生活资料,除非他们有把握地预期,劳动者的劳动将生产出超过其维持生计所需的东西而给他们带来利润”。这是一条“奴役原则”!——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:365 1. Capital is the product of labor, while capital is only a part of that product. When this product is stolen without recompense, only a portion of what the worker has produced is left for him to consume. Therefore, Hodgskin writes in reference to the operation of bourgeois economics: “Capitalists becoming the proprietors of all the wealth of the society, as it is produced, act on this principle, and never-as the rule-will they suffer laborers to have the means of subsistence, unless they have a confident expectation that their labor will produce a profit over and above their own subsistence.” This is a “principle of slavery!” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 281-282. 2. 在别的场合,为常规研究而设计制造的仪器未能按预期方式运行,由此而揭示出一种反常,虽经一再努力,仍不能与共同体预期相一致。通过这些方式和其他方式,常规科学一再地误人迷津。——《科学革命的结构》,2003:5 2. On other occasions a piece of equipment designed and constructed for the purpose of normal research fails to perform in the anticipated manner, revealing an anomaly that cannot, despite repeated effort, be a1igned with professional expectation. In these and other ways besides, normal science repeatedly goes astray. -Quoted from The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 1970: 5-6 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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