全国人大常委会【英】

the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress(NPC)

译文来源

[1]Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 250.
[2]Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress. via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress

定义

中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会的常设机关，是全国人民代表大会的一个组成部分，简称“全国人大常委会”。全国人大常委会由委员长、副委员长若干人、秘书长和委员若干人组成，向全国人民代表大会负责并报告工作。全国人民代表大会选举并有权罢免全国人大常委会的组成人员。全国人大常委会的组成人员必须是全国人民代表大会的代表，并且不得担任国家行政机关、审判机关和检察机关的职务。组成人员中应当有适当的少数民族代表。全国人大常委会每届任期同全国人民代表大会每届任期相同，委员长和副委员长连续任职不得超过两届。根据宪法规定，全国人大常委会行使下列职权：解释宪法，监督宪法的实施；制定和修改除应当由全国人民代表大会制定的法律以外的法律；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，对全国人民代表大会制定的法律进行部分补充和修改，但不得同该法律的基本原则相抵触；解释法律；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，审查和批准国民经济和社会发展计划、国家预算在执行过程中所作的部分调整方案；监督国务院、中央军事委员会、最高人民法院和最高人民检察院的工作；撤销国务院制定的同宪法、法律相抵触的行政法规、决定和命令；撤销省、自治区、直辖市国家权力机关制定的同宪法、法律和行政法规相抵触的地方性法规和决议；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，根据国务院总理的提名，决定部长、委员会主任、审计长、秘书长的人选；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，根据中央军事委会主席的提名，决定中央军事委员其他组成人员的人选；根据最高人民法院院长的提请，任免最高人民法院副院长、审判员、审判委员会委员和军事法院院长；根据最高人民检察院院长的提请，任免最高人民检察院副检察长、检查员、监察委员会委员和军事检察院检察长，并且批准省、自治区、直辖市的人民检察院检察长的任免；决定驻外全权代表的任免；决定同外国缔结的条约和重要协定的批准和废除；规定军人和外交人员的衔级制度和其他专门衔级制度；规定和决定授予国家的勋章和荣誉称号；决定特赦；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，如果遇到国家遭受武装侵犯或者履行国际间共同防止侵略的条约的情况，决定战争状态的宣布；决定全国总动员或者局部动员；决定全国或者个别省、自治区、直辖市的戒严；全国人民代表大会授予的其他职权。全国人大常委会委员长主持全国人大常委会的工作，召集全国人大常委会会议，副委员长、秘书长协助委员长工作。在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，各专门委员长受全国人大常委会的领导（郝一等，1992：289-290）。

定义来源

郝一等.人民代表大会工作辞典[Z].中国科学技术出版社，1992.

例句

1. 中央政府在2017年香港特别行政区行政长官普选问题上的立场是一贯的、明确的。希望香港社会各界人士按照基本法规定和全国人大常委会决定务实讨论，凝聚共识，为顺利实现行政长官普选打下基础。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：228

1. The central government has been consistent and clear-cut in its stance towards universal suffrage when it comes to electing the Hong Kong chief executive in 2017. We hope that people of all walks of life in Hong Kong will build a consensus through down-to-earth consultations in accordance with the Basic Law and decisions of the Standing Committee of the NPC, and lay a good foundation for the universal suffrage for the election of the chief executive. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 250.

2. 我们大力推进依法行政，国务院提请全国人大常委会制定修订食品安全法等法律15件，制定修订企业信息公示暂行条例等行政法规38件。政务公开深入推进，政府重大决策和政策以多种形式向社会广泛征求意见。完成第三次全国经济普查。改革信访工作制度。法律援助范围从低保群体扩大到低收入群体。加强城乡社区建设，行业协会商会等四类社会组织实现直接登记。严厉打击各类犯罪活动，强化社会治安综合治理，维护了国家安全和公共安全。——《2015政府工作报告》，2015

2. In a major push to advance law-based government administration, the State Council submitted proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) on enacting or revising 15 laws including the Food Safety Law, and formulated or revised 38 sets of administrative regulations including the Provisional Regulations on Enterprise Information Disclosure. We took thorough steps to increase transparency in government operations, and used multiple means to widely solicit comments from the public on major government decisions and policies. The third national economic census was completed. We reformed the system for handling public complaints made in the form of letters or visits. Legal aid was expanded to cover not only people living on subsistence allowances but also those on low incomes. We strengthened efforts in both urban and rural community building, and made direct registration a reality for four types of social organizations, including industry associations and chambers of commerce. We cracked down on crime, strengthened efforts in the comprehensive maintenance of law and order, and effectively safeguarded national security and public safety. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2015.

3. 六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。有效应对自然灾害和突发事件。加强安全生产监管，事故总量和重特大事故、重点行业事故数量继续下降。推进食品安全创建示范行动。强化社会治安综合治理，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，有力维护了公共安全。——《2016政府工作报告》，2016

3. Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability. The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2016.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
我国宪法规定我国的释宪机关是全国人大常委会，就制度方面而言，其作为我国释宪机关是符合我国现有国情的。——《论我国二元释宪机制的构建》，江西财经大学硕士学位论文，2015
Our current system Provision that our agency to interpretation constitutions are the National People’s Congress. It is in line with our existing conditions as an agency of constitutional interpretation.

例句 2：
上海自由贸易试验区的建立，是我国推进新形势下改革开放的一项重大举措。而自贸区的改革需要突破现有的法律规定，为了解决这种冲突，国务院提交了关于此法律问题的草案，由全国人大常委会审议通过，全国人大常委会关于授权国务院在中国（上海）自由贸易试验区暂时调整有关法律规定的行政审批的决定。——《全国人大常委会对全国人大法律修改权研究—围绕上海自贸区调整法律的决定》，上海师范大学硕士学位论文，2014
The establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade Zone is an important measure to advance the reform and open policy under the new situation in china. The FTA reform needs to break through the existing legal provisions, in order to solve this conflict, the State Council submitted a draft of this law, by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee passed, standing committee of National People’s Congress on Authorizing the State Council in China (Shanghai) free trade zone temporarily adjust the relevant legal provisions of the administrative examination and approval decision.

例句 3：
全国人民代表大会常务委员会(简称“全国人大常委会”)是全国人大的常设机关，在全国人大闭会时行使必须由最高国家权力机关行使的那部分职权。在加强社会主义民主政治建设的过程中，全国人大常委会的作用越来越重要。因而，研究全国人大常委会制度问题，是具有十分重要的现实意义和理论意义的。——《全国人大常委会制度论析》，东北师范大学硕士学位论文，2006
National People’s Congress Standing Committ