字词 | 家族主义 |
释义 | 家族主义【英】familism; clan system; clan authority译文来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z]上海辞书出版社,2003:656. 定义伦理学和社会学用语,具有两方面含义:(1)以家庭(家族)为核心的价值观念。个人是为家庭而生存的。在个人和家庭的关系上,家庭被认为绝对占诸首要地位。所以,个人获得功名,叫做光宗耀祖,有损于家庭的个人则被称为“败家子”,个人的生命延续也是为了家庭(家族)着想。这种家族主义建立在父系家长制和嫡长子继承制的基础之上,重视家族内部人伦关系的稳定与协调,把家族整体利益视为最根本的利益,要求个体成员无条件地服从(金炳华,2003:656)。总之,个人的一切行为都围绕着家庭这个核心。建立家庭、经营家庭、维持家庭、发展家庭,是每一个中国人生活的基本内容。因而,人生的首要价值,生活之基本目的就是为了自己的家庭。(2)家本位思想。在家庭(家族)和社会的关系上,社会被认为是扩大了的家庭,家庭是本位的东西,是社会的基础和根据。孟子日:“人有恒言:天下国家。天下之本在国,国之本在家。”整个社会、国家是皇帝统治的一个大家庭。处理家庭关系的原则可以而且必须运用到处理社会的人际关系上来。家族制度是过去中国的社会制度(刘林平,1989:98)。 定义来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 至于家族主义、迷信观念和不正确的男女关系之破坏,乃是政治斗争和经济斗争胜利以后自然而然的结果。若用过大的力量生硬地勉强地从事这些东西的破坏,那就必被土豪劣绅借为口实,提出“农民协会不孝祖宗”、“农民协会欺神灭道”、“农民协会主张共妻”等反革命宣传口号,来破坏农民运动。——《毛泽东选集(第一卷)》,1991:33 1. As for the clan system, superstition, and inequality between men and women, their abolition will follow as a natural consequence of victory in the political and economic struggles. If too much of an effort is made, arbitrarily and prematurely, to abolish these things, the local tyrants and evil gentry will seize the pretext to put about such counter-revolutionary propaganda as “the peasant association has no piety towards ancestors”, “the peasant association is blasphemous and is destroying religion” and “the peasant association stands for the communization of wives”, all for the purpose of undermining the peasant movement. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1965: 46. 2. 当革命初期,中间阶级表面上投降贫农阶级,实际则利用他们从前的社会地位及家族主义,恐吓贫农,延宕分田的时间。到无可延宕时,即隐瞒土地实数,或自据肥田,把瘠田让人。——《毛泽东选集(第一卷)》,1991:69 2. In the early days of the revolution the intermediate class ostensibly capitulated to the poor peasant class, but in reality they exploited their traditional social position and clan authority to intimidate the poor peasants for the purpose of delaying the distribution of land. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1965: 87. 3. 但是无论哪一县,封建的家族组织十分普遍,多是一姓一个村子,或一姓几个村子,非有一个比较长的时间,村子内阶级分化不能完成,家族主义不能战胜。 ——《毛泽东选集(第一卷)》,1991:69 3. But as the feudal family system prevails in every county, and as all the families in a village or group of villages belong to a single clan, it will be quite a long time before people become conscious of their class and clan sentiment is overcome in the villages. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1965: 88. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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