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字词 体制
释义

体制【英】

system

译文来源

Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 389.

定义

体制通常是关于国家机关、企业、事业单位的机构设置、隶属关系和权限划分等方面的体系和制度的总称。它包括国家体制、国家行政管理体制、工业管理体制等等。从国家体制来说通常指广义的国家制度,包括有关国体和政体等的制度。它表明社会各阶级在国家中的地位,是上层建筑的组成部分,由社会的经济基础决定并反作用于经济基础。它规定一国的根本制度,支配着国家的整个政治生活,是制定其他各项制度的根据和出发点。狭义的国家制度指国体。我国的国体是人民民主专政和人民代表大会制度。国家行政管理体制,指中央和地方国家行政管理的体系和工作制度;工业管理体制,指中央和地方工业管理部门与工业企业的隶属关系、物资、财务、人事管理权限的划分、计划管理的职责、利润分配的方式和比例等方面的体系和工作制度。我国现行的体制,随着改革开放的进一步深入,也已进行了改革,即对政治体制、经济体制等等进行完善和调整,使之能更好地与社会主义现代化建设相适应,体制改革是我国当前的一件大事,是与建立和完善社会主义市场经济紧密相关的(翟泰丰,1994:51-52)。

定义来源

翟泰丰.党的基本路线知识全书[M].辽宁人民出版社,1994.

例句

1. 卢森贝认为,在这里马克思与恩格斯都有意识地反对了李嘉图式的社会主义和蒲鲁东关于价值理论的观点,即在劳动价值论的基础之上,以“劳动货币”的发行建立资产阶级社会交换体制,从而使劳动价值得以实现的观点。这是一种误读。因为马克思(包括恩格斯)这时还根本不可能意识到这一点。具体地说,马克思是在1845年的《曼彻斯特笔记》中才发现从经济学研究本身否定资产阶级社会思路的意义,即他后来所说的可以通过“独特的方式”从李嘉图的经济学来认证社会主义的结论。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:172

1. Rosenberg believes that at this point, both Marx and Engels consciously oppose Ricardian socialism and Proudhon’s views on price theory; specifically, the opinion that on the basis of the labor theory of value, the realization of labor value could take place through the circulation of “labor money” to establish a system of exchange in bourgeois society. This is a misreading by Rosenberg, because neither Marx nor Engels could possibly have come to this realization by this point in time. Strictly speaking, it was until 1845 in Marx’s Manchester Notes that he discovered the significance of opposing the reasoning of bourgeois society through economics research itself. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 126.

2. 我注意到,在这本书中,施蒂纳主要反对的是一切现实的个人之外的形形色色的“类”(本质)和“总体”(体制)的压迫。我们不难发现,他几乎与当时欧洲存在和正在发生的所有思潮论战,这包括基督教神学、启蒙精神、经济学的市民意识、激进的人道主义和共产主义。所以,简单地指认他为无政府主义,语义上显得有些太狭窄。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:373

2. I have remarked that in this book, Stirner primarily opposes the oppression of the various forms of “species” (essence) and “totality” (system) external to man. It is not difficult for us to see that this meant he was in opposition to almost all the schools of thought popular in Europe at the time, including Christian theology, Enlightenment thinking, the civil consciousness of political economy, and even radical humanism and communism. As such, it appears overly narrow to simply classify him as an anarchist. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 288.

3. 中国特色社会主义制度,坚持把根本政治制度、基本政治制度同基本经济制度以及各方面体制机制等具体制度有机结合起来,坚持把国家层面民主制度同基层民主制度有机结合起来,坚持把党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机结合起来,符合我国国情,集中体现了中国特色社会主义的特点和优势,是中国发展进步的根本制度保障。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:9-10

3. The socialist system with Chinese characteristics integrates the fundamental political system, the basic political systems, the basic economic system and other systems and mechanisms. It combines national and local democratic systems, the Party’s leadership, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance. This system conforms to the national conditions in China, showcases the special traits and strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and provides a fundamental systemic guarantee for China’s development. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 10.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
政府体制创新也影响我国公共政策创新能力提升的策略选择。——《政府体制创新:公共政策创新能力提升之本》,湘潭大学硕士学位论文,2005
Administrative system innovation also influences the tactics for the promotion of China’s public policy innovation ability.

例句 2:
改革放以来,中国共产党人依据马克思主义基本原理,从我国社会主义初级阶段的基本国情出发,对社会主义市场经济理论进行了深入的探索,建立了社会主义市场经济体制。——《中国市场经济体制变革的理论与实践》,东北财经大学硕士学位论文,2012
Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, Chinese communists have explored deeply the theory of socialistic market economy and established socialistic market economic system according to the basic Marxist principles and basic conditions of China at her primary stage of socialism.

例句 3:
1978年12月召开的党的十一届三中全会,开辟了社会主义现代化建设的新道路,也开启了政治体制改革的大门。从此,我们国家坚定地走上了建设中国特色社会主义民主政治的道路,在当代中国历史上写下了浓重的一笔。——《新时期中国政治体制改革发展轨迹研究》,山东轻工业学院硕士学位论文,2011
The third plenary session of the party's collective leadership held in 1978 opened new roads of socialist modernization construction and also opened doors of the reform of the political system. From then on, our country firmly walked on the road of the construction of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, which wrote a dense pen in contemporary Chinese history.

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