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字词 劳动生产力
释义

劳动生产力【英】

the productive power of labour; the productiveness of labour; the labor forces of production

译文来源

Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1987: 206.

定义

劳动生产力是指劳动者的实践能力,它又分为劳动社会生产力和劳动自然生产力,前者指由劳动者的社会结合而产生的生产能力,后者指劳动者与优良的自然条件结合而产生的生产能力。劳动生产率是劳动生产力的数量表示,它是指同一劳动在单位时间内生产和提供的产品和劳务的数量。所以在许多场合二者可以通用。但是它们与生产力是绝对不能通用的,一个明显的例子,在俄文版马克思恩格斯全集书后的名目索引中,生产力与劳动生产力是作为两个名目列出的。生产力与劳动生产力二者的衡量尺度是不同的,生产力主要由劳动资料特别是生产工具的数量和效能来表示,如:车床的转速,电子计算机的运算速度,而劳动生产力则是用生产某种单位产品所必需的劳动时间或在相同时间里生产同种产品的数量来表示。生产力对劳动生产力的大小起着决定性作用,劳动生产力也可以在一定程度上显示出生产力的水平,但必须看到影响劳动生产力的不单纯有生产力,此外,还有劳动强度、自然条件优劣、原材料的质量等等因素。所以劳动生产力又不能完全表现生产力的状况(胡钧,2001:64)。

定义来源

胡钧.生产力与劳动生产力[J].当代经济研究,2001(2).

例句

1. 发明和发现在一些情况下是提高了劳动生产力(但在许多情况下也不见得是这样,世界上一切专利特许局的大量档案废纸就是证明),这一点我们早已知道了;但是这一极为陈旧的平凡事实竟是全部经济学的基本规律——这一说明,倒要归功于杜林先生。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:241

1. That in a good many cases the productive power of labour is increased by inventions and discoveries (but also that in very many cases it is not increased, as is proved by the mass of waste-paper in the archives of every patent office in the world) we knew long ago; but we owe to Herr Dühring the enlightening information that this banality, which is as old as the hills, is the fundamental law of all economics. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 206.

2. 因此,如果生产商品所需要的劳动时间不变,商品的价值量也就不变。但是,生产商品所需要的劳动时间随着劳动生产力的每一变动而变动。劳动生产力是由多种情况决定的,其中包括:工人的平均熟练程度,科学的发展水平和它在工艺上应用的程度,生产过程的社会结合,生产资料的规模和效能,以及自然条件。例如,同一劳动量在丰收年表现为8蒲式耳小麦,在歉收年只表现为4蒲式耳。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷)》,1972:53

2. The value of a commodity would therefore remain constant, if the labour time required for its production also remained constant. But the latter changes with every variation in the productiveness of labour. This productiveness is determined by various circumstances, amongst others, by the average amount of skill of the workmen, the state of science, and the degree of its practical application, the social organisation of production, the extent and capabilities of the means of production, and by physical conditions. For example, the same amount of labour in favourable seasons is embodied in 8 bushels of corn, and in unfavourable, only in four. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35), 1996: 50.

3. 比如,由政治经济学揭示的劳动是价值的唯一来源的理论,经济学家承认一切价值都是由劳动产生的,并据此去肯定现在的社会现实;社会主义的意义在于它看出了政治经济学的非批判性,由劳动价值论得出否定现实社会的要求,因此社会主义必然要反对政治经济学。这两者,在经济学中表现为资本生产力与劳动生产力的二元对立。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:477

3. For instance, political economy discovered that labor is the sole source of value, i. e., economists recognize that all value is created by labor. However, where the economists use this to affirm the present social reality, socialism sees the non-critical nature of this political economic conclusion, and demands the refutation of actual society using the labor theory of value. Thus socialism is necessarily in opposition to political economy. These two camps are expressed in economics as the antithesis between capital forces of production and labor forces of production. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 374.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
劳动生产力的发展是社会进步的决定力量,劳动生产力的差异是生产方式多样性的根本原因。——“我国内地劳动生产力区域结构的马克思主义经验分析”,载于《常熟理工学院学报》2010年第7期
The development of labor productivity is the decisive force for social progress and the differences of labor productivity are the root cause of the diversity of production modes.

例句 2:
社会分工协作一方面促进了劳动生产力的提高,另一方面也决定了人们无法脱离社会而生存。——《亚当•斯密同情理论探析》,浙江财经学院硕士学位论文,2011
The productivity is greatly improved by the division of labor and social collaboration. And it also determines that people can not survive without society.

例句 3:
然而进入现代以后,积极生活内的这三种活动的等级秩序发生了变化,随着劳动的解放,劳动最后上升到最高级的位置,但劳动生产力的发展最后带来的只是消费者社会。——《论阿伦特对马克思劳动理论的解读》,南京大学硕士学位论文,2013
However, the arrangement of hierarchical order within the vita active has greatly changed since the modern time, and finally labor is elevated to the highest position with the emancipation of labor, which just results in a consumers' society.

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更新时间:2024/11/5 12:23:45