字词 | 人生观论战(又作科学与玄学论战、科学与人生观论战) |
释义 | 人生观论战(又作科学与玄学论战、科学与人生观论战)【英】debates over science and metaphysics;debate on science and metaphysics译文来源[1] Gilles Campagnolo. Liberalism and Chinese Economic Development: Perspectives from Europe and Asia [M]. London & New York: Routledge, 2016: 34. 定义即科学与玄学论战(冯契,2001:1180)。19世纪20年代初,中国思想界发生了一场科学与人生观的争论,被称为“科学与玄学”之争。论战是由张君劢于1923年2月在清华大学发表关于人生观的讲演开始的,主要是认为人生天生无是非真伪标准,所以不管科学如何发达,也解决不了人生观的问题,企图以此反对西方文明。一个月后,丁文江与张君劢谈及该问题,双方发生激励争论。4月15日,丁文江在《努力周报》上发表了《玄学与科学¾¾评张君劢的人生观》,向张君劢展开进攻。这样就拉开了科学与人生观论战的帷幕,形成了两大对立的派别。他们分别以《努力周报》和《时事新报》为阵地,陆续参加科学派方面的有唐钺、章演存、朱经农、任叔永、范寿康、王星拱等人;参加玄学派方面的有梁启超、林宰平、张东荪、屠孝实、瞿菊农等人。双方主将分别是胡适和梁启超。科玄论战的中心问题是科学的人生观是否错误即科学能否支配一切人生观,实质上是关于自然界规律性的探知和人类社会历史科学的关系究竟如何的问题,围绕这一中心问题,争论又集中在两个具体内容上:(1)科学与人生观的关系问题;(2)科学与哲学的关系问题(刘芳等,2014:165-167)。科学与玄学论战的实质是社会历史领域是否有客观规律和社会科学是否有作用的问题。随着论战的展开,形成了以张君劢、梁启超为代表的“玄学派“,以丁文江、胡适、吴稚晖为代表的”科学派“,以陈独秀、瞿秋白为代表的”唯物史观派“(万中航,2003:137)。 定义来源[1] 冯契.哲学大辞典(修订本)[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001. 例句1. 要树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观,掌握了这把总钥匙,再来看看社会万象、人生历程,一切是非、正误、主次,一切真假、善恶、美丑,自然就洞若观火、清澈明了,自然就能作出正确判断、作出正确选择。正所谓“千沟万漉虽辛苦,次尽狂沙始到金”。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:173 1. You must form a correct world outlook, view of 1ife and values, then you will see—crystal-clear—the true nature of society and have a better understanding of your 1ife’s experience, and be able to tell what is right and what is wrong, what is primary and what is secondary, what is true and what is false, what is good and what is evil, and what is beautiful and what is ugly before making judgments and decisions. As a Tang verse goes, “Gold glitters only after countless washings and sieving.” -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 193. 2. 各种文史知识,中国优秀传统文化,领导干部也要学习,以学益智,以学修身。中国传统文化博大精深,学习和掌握其中的各种思想精华,对树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观很有益处。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:405 2. Leading officials should also study history and culture, especially traditional Chinese culture, to develop wisdom and become more refined. Traditional Chinese culture is both extensive and profound, and to acquire the essence of various thoughts is beneficial to the formation of a correct worldview, outlook on life and sense of values. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 453. 3. 恩格斯认为:“到目前为止的历史总是像一种自然过程一样地进行,而且实质上也是服从于同一运动规律的。”他把经济“因素”与其他因素对立起来的说法,有可能把社会过程分割成几个彼此独立的部分,并为以后关于修正主义的论战准备了理论框架。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:11-12 3. Engels considered that ‘history has proceeded hitherto in the manner of a natural process and is essentially subject to the same laws of motion’. His talk of an economic ‘factor’ as opposed to other factors tended to compartmentalise the social process and prepare the theoretical framework for the subsequent Revisionist debate. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 14. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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