字词 | 人口理论 |
释义 | 人口理论【英】population theory译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25) [M]. Lawrence & Wishart, 1987: 63. 定义人口理论是研究人口发展以及人口与社会经济发展之间的本质联系的科学。它产生于古代朴素的人口思想,到19世纪才逐渐发展成系统的理论体系,并从社会意识其他形式中分离出来成为独立的学科,成为社会科学的一个重要分支。1793年、1803年、1806年、1807年英国经济学家马尔萨斯先后四次出版了他的《人口论》一书,对西方人口理论的形成和发展作出了重要贡献。人口理论是受客观的经济条件和人口状况决定的,反过来,它也对社会经济发展和人口发展起重大的促进作用(罗肇鸿,1995:1049)。 定义来源[1] 罗肇鸿,王怀宁.资本主义大辞典[Z].人民出版社,1995. 例句1. 首先受到责备的是达尔文,说他把马尔萨斯的人口论从经济学搬进自然科学,说他拘泥于牲畜饲养者的观念,说他用生存斗争来从事于不科学的半诗,说全部达尔文主义除了从拉马克那里抄来的东西以外,只是一种与人性对抗的兽性。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:74 1. The main reproach levelled against Darwin is that he transferred the Malthusian population theory from political economy to natural science, that he was held captive by the ideas of an animal breeder, that in his theory of the struggle for existence he pursued unscientific semi-poetry, and that the whole of Darwinism, after deducting what had been borrowed from Lamarck, is a piece of brutality directed against humanity. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 63. 2. 达尔文的全部生存斗争学说,不过是把霍布斯一切人反对一切人的战争的学说和资产阶级经济学的竞争学说以及马尔萨斯的人口论从社会搬到生物界而已。变完这个戏法以后(它的无条件正确,特别是涉及马尔萨斯学说的东西,还很成问题),要把这些理论从自然界的历史再搬回社会的历史,那是很容易的;而断定这样一来便证明这些论断是社会的永恒的自然规律,那就过于天真了。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:652 2. The whole Darwinian theory of the struggle for existence is simply the transference from society to organic nature of Hobbes' theory of bellum omnium contra omnes and of the economic theory of competition, as well as the Malthusian theory of population. When once this feat has been accomplished (the unconditional justification for which, especially as regards the Malthusian theory, is still very questionable), it is very easy to transfer these theories back again from natural history to the history of society, and altogether too naïve to maintain that thereby these assertions have been proved as eternal natural laws of society. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 584. 3. 人口理论中唯一正确的东西是,资本的发展把大量人口置于这样一种条件下,在这种条件下人口的再生产也像动物和植物一样,除阻碍它的因素外没有其他界限。贫苦人的再生产比劳动者在其自然条件下要快,因为他的再生产条件是无限小的。赤贫的人们生殖得很快,完全像在动物界一样:种类越小,它再生产的量就越大。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十八卷)》,1985:490 3. The only correct point in the theory of population is that the development of capital throws the mass of the population into conditions in which their reproduction meets with no limit except for the NEGATIVE CHECKS, just as is the case with animals and plants. The wretched human being reproduces more rapidly than the travailleur dans ses conditions naturelles - because the conditions for his reproduction are of infinitesimal size. Poverty pullule; just as in the animal kingdom, the smaller the class the more massive its reproduction. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 34), 1994: 165. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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