字词 | 自然工资 |
释义 | 自然工资【英】natural wage译文来源Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 397 定义一个不变的、维持最低限度生活水平的工资的观念,似乎在17和18世纪的欧洲就已经出现了。亚当·斯密(A. Smith,1723-1790)在认识到存在着一个要达到一致的利润率和工资率的竞争的趋势之后,他对经济运行中的持久的(或“永久的”)和暂时的(或“偶然的”)力量进行了理论上的区分:前者使经济走向“自然的”状态,后者被表征为“市场的”力量,它使经济围绕着“自然的”或中心的位置波动。斯密对工资的自然率的概念也做了类似的处理,但不很明确。 定义来源自然工资.via: 例句1. 固然个别特殊的利润可由商业来说明,“但商业却不能说明余额本身”,这个余额只有在交换中实现,但绝不是在交换中产生的,“每一个有产阶级的原有收入必然来自生产”。资本家与工人的交换“只有当他交换工人的劳动产品能够带来利润时,他才肯同他进行交换”。 所以,当李嘉图在区分自然价格和市场价格时,就指出市场价格的偶然性,同时他还说明,他是着眼于这些现象的本质和规律 ——“自然价格、自然工资和自然利润”。 ——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009: 505 1. Although individual, special profits can be explained by commerce, “commerce cannot explain surplus itself.” This surplus only appears in exchange, but is not created in exchange: “The income of all propertied classes necessarily originates in production.” The exchange between capitalists and workers only takes place when the exchange of the product of the worker’s labor will bring a profit. Therefore, as Ricardo differentiates between natural prices and market prices, he points out that the element of chance affects market prices; at the same time, he also explains that he focuses on the essence and laws of these phenomena—“natural prices, natural wages, and natural profits.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 397. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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