市场调节【英】

market regulation; market readjustment

译文来源

[1] 罗肇.资本主义大辞典[Z].人民出版社，1995：185.
[2] 市场调节.via： http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B0%83%E8%8A%82
[3] 《21世纪汉英经济实用词典》编写组.21世纪汉英经济实用词典[Z].中国对外翻译出版公司，2005：966.
[4] The Deregulation of New Zealand Agriculture: Market Intervention (1964-84) and Free Market Readjustment (1984-90). via:  http://ageconsearch.tind.io//bitstream/32633/1/16010132.pdf

定义

市场调节指通过市场机制由价值规律自发地对社会生产和流通进行调节，是调节国民经济运行的一种经济手段。市场调节是商品经济的必然要求。市场的功能在于能使商品生产者在由供求变化引起的价格自由涨落中获得生产经营成果的社会评价，促使其不断改进技术，改善经营管理，节约劳动，增强竞争能力，并在社会生产各部门间实现劳动的合理分配，使商品生产者自发地、被动地适应社会经济发展的需要（翟泰丰，1994：167-168）。
　正确认识和对待市场调节是社会主义经济建设中的一个重要问题。充分发挥市场调节在社会主义经济运行中的作用，是邓小平建立社会主义市场经济体制的核心思想。中华人民共和国成立后三十年来实行高度集权的计划体制，市场调节被视作冲击计划经济的消极因素而被歧视（余源培，2004：220-221）。
　市场调节的条件是：1.价格可以自由运动，随着供求关系的变化而涨落。2.商品货币形式是社会资源分配的基本的和积极的工具。3.生产者有权根据市场价格变化进行生产。4.消费者有权根据市场价格和自己的货币收入状况选购商品。其特征是：①微观性。市场调节在单个商品的供求平衡方面具有灵活便利的特点，但难以自发实现社会总供给与总需求的宏观平衡；②事后性。市场调节以价格为基本信号，但价格的变动，只有在供求出现矛盾时才会发生，因此没有预先调节的功能（市场调节.via：http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B0%83%E8%8A%82）。

定义来源

[1] 翟泰丰.党的基本路线知识全书[Z].辽宁人民出版社，1994.
[2] 余源培.邓小平理论辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2004.
[3] 市场调节.via：http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B0%83%E8%8A%82

例句

1. 推动实现更高质量的就业。就业是民生之本。要贯彻劳动者自主就业、市场调节就业、政府促进就业和鼓励创业的方针，实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策。——《中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会报告》，2012

1. Deliver a better job in creating employment. Employment is crucial to the people's wellbeing. We must implement the principle of promoting self-reliant employment, market-regulated employment and government-backed employment and entrepreneurship, the strategy of giving top priority to employment and a proactive employment policy. -Quoted from Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, 2012.

2. 党的十一届三中全会以来，实行搞活经济的政策，效果显著。现在百货商店里的东西多得很“卖方市场”正在变成“买方市场”。群众把票子拿在手里，好的就买，不好的就不买。这么好的形势，很久以来没有见过。今后要继续实行搞活经济的政策，继续发挥市场调节的作用。但是，我们也要防止在搞活经济中，出现摆脱国家计划的倾向。搞活经济是在计划指导下搞活，不是离开计划的指导搞活。这就像鸟和笼子的关系一样，鸟不能捏在手里，捏在手里会死，要让它飞，但只能让它在笼子里飞。没有笼子，它就飞跑了。如果说鸟是搞活经济的话，那末，笼子就是国家计划。当然“笼子”大小要适当，该多大就多大。经济活动不一定限于一个省、一个地区，在国家计划指导下，也可以跨省跨地区，甚至不一定限于国内，也可以跨国跨洲。另外“笼子”本身也要经常调整，比如对五年计划进行修改。但无论如何，总得有个“笼子”。就是说，搞活经济、市场调节，这些只能在计划许可的范围以内发挥作用，不能脱离开计划的指导。——《陈云文选（第三卷）》，1995：320　

2. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, we have followed the policy of invigorating the economy and have achieved striking results. There are plenty of consumer goods in department stores and the seller’s market is changing into a buyer’s market. With money in hand, people can now buy what they want to buy. We haven’t experienced such a good situation for a long time. We should continue to implement the policy of invigorating the economy and give play to the role of market forces. But, in our effort to invigorate the economy, we must guard against the tendency towards deviating from state plans. The relationship of the invigoration of the economy to state plans is just like that of a bird and its cage. We can not hold the bird in hand; if we do so, it will die. We must allow it to fly, but only in a cage. Without the cage, it will fly away. If we liken invigoration of the economy to a bird, then the cage corresponds to the state plans. Of course, the size of the cage should be appropriate for the bird. Although we follow state plans, we do not have to limit certain economic activities to one region or one province; these can be carried out in other regions, provinces, countries and continents. As we would often have to adjust the size of the cage to suit the bird, we have to continue reformulating our five-year plans. We have to utilize a cage, that is to say, both invigoration of the economy and allowance for regulation by market forces should play their role as prescribed by the state plan, and we must not deviate from the format of state plans. -Quoted from Selected Works of Chen Yun (Vol. 3), 1999: 315.

3. 坚持正确发挥政府和市场的作用，政府主要制定住房规划和政策，搞好土地合理供应、集约利用和管理，重点发展面向中低收入家庭的住房。高收入家庭的住房需求主要通过市场调节解决。——《2008年政府工作报告》，2008

3. We must ensure that the government and the market both play their due roles. The government's role is mainly to formulate plans and policies for housing and ensure that there is an appropriate supply of land, ensure that land is used intensively and oversee land use. Priority will be given to development of housing for low- and middle-income families. Demand for housing among high-income families will be met largely through the market. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government, 2008.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
市场失灵决定了政府对经济的干预确有必要，但市场调节的决定性地位又决定了政府干预必须控制在合理的限度内。我国自培育并建立市场经济体制以来，政府干预经济职能从“大包大揽”到逐步让市场调节这只无形的手在资源配置中发挥基础作用直至应然的决定性作用。——“经济法视角下政府经济权力边界的审读——以政府职能转变为考察中心”，载于《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第2期
It is necessary for government to intervene in the economy for the reason of market failure. But the basic position of market regulation determines the government intervention must be controlled in a reasonable limit. Since the system of market economy was cultivated and constructed in our country, the function of government intervention of economy has been transformed from undertaking the whole things into making the invisible hands play a role in the resource allocation.

例句 2：
对产业结构的优化升级研究转入到了以市场调节产业结构的转道上来，政府弥补“市场失灵”的核心，在于转换行政和经济管理的职能，为产业发展塑造完善的财产制度、金融制度、人口流迁制度。——《产业结构优化升级的制度分析——以上海为例》，复旦大学博士学位论文，2008
The old industry structure theory put more stress on the industry policy and city function to establish the leading industries. But now, the research on the upgrade and optimization of industry structure must switch to the orbit on which the market adjusts the industry structure. The core of the government making up for the market failure lies on the transformation of administrative and economic functions of the government. It must consummate property rights, financial, population move,