全国人大代表【英】

Deputy to the National People’s Congress(NPC)

译文来源

[1]Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 479.
[2]Deputy to National People’s Congress. via: http://www.bernardchan.com/1/en/deputy.php

定义

全国人民代表大会代表简称“全国人大代表”，指最高国家权力机关的组成人员，代表人民行使管理国家权力。《中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会组织法》、《全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会选举法》规定：（1）全国人民代表的产生。由各省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会和人民解放军选举产生。（2）任期。每届任期五年，从每届全国人民代表大会举行第一次会议开始，到下届全国人民代表大会举行第一次会议为止。（3）职权。30名以上代表可以向全国人民代表大会提出属于全国人民代表职权范围内的议案，由主席团决定是否列入大会议程，或者先交有关专门委员会审议，提出是否列入大会议程的意见，再决定是否列入大会议程；十分之一以上的代表可以提出对全国人大常务委员会组成人员、国家主席、副主席、国务院和中央军委的组成人员、最高人民法院院长和最高人民检察院检察长的罢免案，由主席团提请大会审议。30名以上的代表可以书面提出对国务院及所属各部、各委员会的质询案，由主席团决定受质询机关书面答复，或由受质询机关领导人在主席团会议上或有关的专门委员会会议、有关的代表团会议上口头答复。在大会审议议案时，代表可以向有关国家机关提出询问，由有关机关派人在代表小组或者代表团会议上进行说明。代表在出席全国人民代表大会会议和执行其他属于代表职务的时候，国家根据需要给予往返的旅费和必要的物质上的便利或者补贴。代表在全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表常务委员会各种会议的发言和表决，不受法律追究。非经全国人民代表大会主席团认可，在全国人民代表大会闭会期间非经全国人民代表大会常务委员许可，他们不受逮捕或者刑事审判。如果因为是现行犯被拘留，执行拘留的公安机关应当立即向全国人民代表大会主席团或者常务委员会报告。（4）义务。全国人民代表大会代表必须模范地遵守宪法和法律，保守国家秘密，并且在自己参加的生产、工作和社会生活中，协助宪法和法律的实施。同时，他们还应当同原选举单位和人民保持密切联系，可以列席原选举单位的人民代表大会会议，听取和反映人民的意见和要求，努力为人民服务；全国人民代表大会受原选举单位的监督，原选举单位有权罢免自己选出的代表（刘政等，1992：135—136）。

定义来源

刘政，边森龄.人民代表大会制度辞典[Z].中国检查出版社，1992.

例句

1. 习近平在中央分管港澳工作期间，多次会见港澳各界人士，深入了解港澳社情民意，积极推动内地与港澳经济合作，制定实施了许多有利干港澳长期繁荣稳定发展的重要举措。在港澳遭受国际金融危机严重冲击时，他先后来到香港、澳门，广泛接触社会各界，指出“只要精神不滑坡，办法总比困难多”，为港澳各界人士加油鼓劲。2012年，在全国两会期间与香港、澳门全国人大代表和政协委员座谈时，他以“兄弟同心、其利断金”寄语港澳同胞团结协作、共创美好未来，在港澳社会引起积极反响。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：427

1. As a member of the central leadership, Xi was in charge of Hong Kong and Macao affairs. He helped work out a number of important policies on the long-term stability and prosperity of the two special administrative regions. In 2008 and 2009, when Hong Kong and Macao were seriously hit by the international financial crisis, Xi visited both regions to show his support. He encouraged the local people, saying, “There are always more means than difficulties as long as we have a firm resolve”. In 2012, when he talked to deputies to the NPC and the Chinese Peopled Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) from Hong Kong and Macao at the annual “two sessions” he quoted a line from a classic: “If brothers are of the same mind, their edge can cut through metal,” to call on the people of Hong Kong and Macao to stick together to strive for a better life. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 479.

2. 坚持创新管理，强化服务，着力提高政府效能。提供基本公共服务尽可能采用购买服务方式，第三方可提供的事务性管理服务交给市场或社会去办。扎实开展政府协商，积极推进决策科学化民主化，重视发挥智库作用。全面实行政务公开，推广电子政务和网上办事。各级政府要自觉接受同级人大及其常委会的监督，接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取人大代表、政协委员、民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体的意见。我们的所有工作都要全面接受人民的监督，充分体现人民的意愿。——《2015政府工作报告》，2015

2. We will develop new ways of conducting regulation, strengthen services, and work to improve government performance. In basic public services, we need to do all we can to use service procurement as the means of provision, and routine services that can be provided by a third party should be handed over to the market or society. We will work solidly to carry out government consultations. We will work to ensure decisions are made in a sound and democratic way and place importance on the role of think tanks. We will fully put into practice transparency in government affairs and promote the use of e-government and online administration. All levels of governments must actively accept oversight by people’s congresses and their standing committees at their respective administrative level; accept the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees; and earnestly solicit the views of deputies to people’s congresses, members of CPPCC committees, non-CPC parties, federations of industry and commerce, public figures without party affiliation, and people’s organizations. All our work must be subject to the people’s oversight and be done in the way they expect it to be done. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2015.

3. 民主法制建设迈出新步伐。政治体制改革继续推进。实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表。基层民主不断发展。中国特色社会主义法律体系形成，社会主义法治国家建设成绩显著。爱国统一战线巩固壮大。行政体制改革深化，司法体制和工作机制改革取得新进展。——《十八大报告》，2012

3. New strides have been made in developing democracy and the legal system. Further progress has been made in reforming the political structure. Urban and rural deputies to people’s congresses are now elected on the basis of the same population ratio. Community-level democracy has steadily developed. The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics has been established, and notable achievements have been made in building a socialist country based on the rule of law. The patriotic united front has been consolidated and expanded. The reform of the administrative system has deepened, and further progress has been made in the reform of the judicial system and the work mechanisms of the judiciary -Quoted from Hu Jintao’s Report at the 18th Party Congress, 2012: 4.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
全国人大代表的权利行使保障制度是全国人民代表大会制度真正成为中华人民共和国民主实践的核心。——《健全全国人大代表权利行使保障制度的研究》，中南大学硕士学位论文，2014
The right security mechanism of Representatives of NPC made NPC is the political core of China.

例句 2：
人民代表大会制度是我国人民当家作主的根本政治制度。坚持和不断完善这一制度，是我国不断推进政治体制改革，实现政治文明的重要途径。全国人民代表大会作为我国的最高权力机关，受人民的委托行使国家的权力。全国人大代表是全国人大的主体，其职能发挥直接影响到全国人民代表大会的运转与作用的发挥，甚至影响到人民代表大会制度正常运作。保障全国人大代表的正常履职必须建立一整套相关的制度来使代表职能的履行更加制度化、民主化和科学化。——《全国人大代表履职制度研究》，中共江苏省委党校硕士学位论文，2013
People’s congress system is the basic guarantee to protect the People’s right of mastering their own affairs. Insisting and perfecting this system continuously is the important channel to pushing the information of political system and receiving the political civilization. National People’s Congress is the most authoritative powerful unit and has the right of execution which authorized by people. The Representatives are the main parts of National People’s Congress, and the situation of their duty’s accomplishment directly impacts the operating of National People’s Congress. It is necessary to build a whole set of system to help the process of taking Representatives’ duty become more institutionalization, democratization and scientific.

例句 3：
人大代表依法有效履行职责，是我国人民代表大会制度的重要组成部分，对我国人民代表大会制度的有效运行和保障人民当家作主具有重要意义。本文选取了现阶段全国人大代表在大会和闭会期间的履职工作作为研究对象，对全国人大代表履职过程中