请输入您要查询的字词:

 

字词 代议制
释义

代议制【英】

representative system; system of representation

译文来源

[1] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 3) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 144.
[2] Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 98.

定义

代议制度作为一个特定的术语,是指代议在国家的政治生活领域中具体运用后形成的一种国家政治制度,又称为“代议制”。代议制度最早起源于13世纪英国议会(Parliament)的形成。最初,议会主要讨论国王征收赋税问题,后来议会的权力逐渐扩张,亦讨论立法方面的问题。此后,代议制在近代资产阶级推翻封建君主专制统治过程中最终形成,并不断发展和日趋完善。不仅如此,其影响十分广泛,近代以来的许多民族国家都采取了代议制的国家制度形式。其表现是:(1)行使国家权力。在议行合一体制下,代议机关是国家最高权力机关;在议行分立体制下,代议机关是国家的最高立法机关。(2)代议机关的代表由有选举权的人民选举产生。(3)代表有一定的任期。(4)有明确的法律规范。(5)通过会议行使权力。这些一般特征在现代的代议制政府中有充分的体现(魏淑艳等,2005:176)。代议制是人类政治文明共同的产物,在其确立、运行过程中,人民主权、普选和法治等原则是其所必须遵循的一般要义。代议制是为了实现人民主权而实行的一种间接民主形式。人民主权原则是代议制的根本指导思想,这是西方议会制和马克思主义代议制所公认的(陈晓丹,2011:174)。

定义来源

[1] 魏淑艳,王颖.代议制的理论预设与实践困境[J].社会科学战线,2005(6).
[2] 陈晓丹.代议制视角下人民代表大会制度的原则解析[J].理论探讨,2011(2).

例句

1. 当批评家把代议制从政治形式提高为普遍的形式,并指出这种制度的真正意义,也就使得这些人越出了自己的范围,因为他们的胜利同时也就是他们的末日。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第一卷)》,1960:417

1. By raising the representative system from its political form to the universal form and by bringing out the true significance underlying this system, the critic at the same time compels this party to go beyond its own confines, for its victory is at the same time its defeat. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 3), 1975: 144.

2. 在G•朱诺弗的《继承权的原则和法国与英国的贵族》一书中,马克思注意到,“英国的代议制建立在地产的基础之上。地产的巩固是立宪君主制的基础”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:141-142

2. In Jouffroy’s Das Princip der Erblichkeit, Marx remarks that “England’s system of representation is founded on the basis of land ownership. The foundation of the constitutional monarchy is strengthening land ownership.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 100.

3. 同时,当人民与政府的意见不一致时,“下院”总是“更多地”倾向“政府一边,而不是人民一边”!这证明,“代议制基于两重幻想:统一的公民权利的幻想和代表大会是全民代表的幻想。特别是等级选举法表现出人民主权的骗局”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:139

3. At the same time, when the views of the people differed from those of the government, the House of Commons tended most often to side with the government, and not with the people. For Marx, this proved that the system of representation was “based on two illusions: the illusion of homogeneous interests of citizens, and the illusion that parliament represented the will of the people. In particular, hierarchical voting laws demonstrated the hoax that was the so-called sovereignty of the people.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 98.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
代议制是迄今为止实现主权在民理念的一种最好制度,但代议制存在内在缺陷。分析我国当前民主评议政风行风活动的内在逻辑,并回答为什么要开展民主评议政风行风活动这一重要理论基础问题是本文的立论基础。——“民主评议政风行风的学理逻辑:代议制的视角”,载于《深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2010年第5期
This paper analyzes the theoretic foundation of public deliberation on the work style and service quality in government and public sectors from the perspective of representative system and tries to answer the question “why” these activities are carried out and on what theories they are based.

例句 2:
代议制是民主在近现代国家的主要实现形式。——《马克思主义代议制思想研究》,东北师范大学硕士学位论文,2011
Representative system of democracy in modern countries is the main form.

例句 3:
代议制理论从其萌芽、发展到成熟经历了一个相当长的历史时期,其间无数的政治思想家和哲学家对这一问题作出了理论上的贡献。——《论马尔库塞的科学技术批判理论》,东北师范大学硕士学位论文,2006
The theory of the representative system has experienced a history of long time during its development from the beginning to maturity. During the process, numerous political theorists and philosophers have made great theoretical contributions to this question.

随便看

 

汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2024 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/6/29 7:39:11