字词 | 人的客观性 |
释义 | 人的客观性【英】human objectivity译文来源冯契.外国哲学大辞典 [Z].上海辞书出版社,2000:14. 定义德国亨斯坦贝格用语。它指为了对象自身而研究对象,将人当作客体来进行研究而不考虑效果的客观态度。这种研究既可以是直观认识,也可以是实际行为或情感评价,故客观性实际上是指人对自身乃至周围对象的一种排除了现实利益的客观态度。亨斯坦贝格认为,人是天生具有客观性质的生物,在客观性中寻找自身,并且人是要求客观性的生物。人的客观性不是人的一般属性,而是具有本体论意义的人的本质。人一旦失去了客观性,也就丧失了他最基本的能力,丧失了认识的、理性的、情感的、爱恋的、意志的能力,人便不成其为人。“否定客观性导致了人在那种形式下的非人类化,即否定赋予每个人直接的自我认识。”客观性与人的全部激情和能力联系在一起,它在人存在的认识、文化、道德等各个领域中显示出来。客观性集中显示为人的爱的活动,爱是客观性的完成,爱使对象的价值(对象的认识、道德、宗教等价值)显示出来,同时也使自己的价值提高,爱使人趋向神的完善性(冯契,2008:293)。 定义来源冯契.外国哲学大辞典 [Z].上海辞书出版社,2008. 例句1. 劳动变为商品,这种转变一方面把一切“人的”因素从无产阶级的直接存在中清除了出去,另一方面,这一发展越来越把一切“自然的”因素,任何一种与自然的直接关系,以及诸如此类的东西,从社会形式中剔除出去,以至于社会化的人恰恰就在它的远离人的、甚至非人的客观性中表现为这种客观性的核心。恰恰是在一切社会关系的这种客理化,这种理论化和物化中,社会是从人与人的关系中建立起来的这一点才第一次清楚地表现了出来。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:262-263 1. On the one hand, this transformation of labour into a commodity removes every ‘human’ element from the immediate existence of the proletariat, on the other hand the same development progressively eliminates everything ‘organic’, every direct link with nature from the forms of society so that socialised man can stand revealed in an objectivity remote from or even opposed to humanity. It is just in this objectification, in this rationalisation and reification of all social forms that we see clearly for the first time how society is constructed from the relations of men with each other. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 176. 2. 他认为那本书的主要错误是缩小了经济学的基础,这是由于没有把劳动的概念视为人与自然界的中介,否定了自然界在本体论上的客观性。这就导致了黑格尔式的异化与客体化的等同。这些主题仍然出现在他临终前一直在撰写的《本体论》这一大部头著作中。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:171 2. He identified its central error as narrowing the basis of economics by disregarding the notion of labour as mediating between man and nature and denying the ontological objectivity of nature. This had led to an Hegelian equation of alienation with objectivation. These themes are continued in the massive Ontology on which he was working at the time of his death. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 179. 3. 首先,在否定的辩证法中,中介性不再仅仅是主观性的概念性的因素,而是一种客观的中介作用。“把事实中介起来的东西,与其说是预先形成并理解事实的主观机制,不如说是与主体相异质的客观性。”——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:46 3. First of all, in negative dialectics, indirectness is no longer a subjective and conceptual element, but an objective mediation. “What transmits the facts is not so much the subjective mechanism of their pre-formation and comprehension as it is the objectivity heteronomous to the subject.” -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 76. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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