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字词 苏共(又作苏联共产党)
释义

苏共(又作苏联共产党)【英】

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU)

译文来源

[1] Sim, S. Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History [M]. London: Routledge, 2001: 165.
[2] Zhang Yibing. A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek [M]. Canut International Publishers, 2011: 377.
[3] 苏联共产党.via: http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=FTGjnOEgBQ_kCunzb7ehCCIDcr040ZnrKsDcgP36EhcZmTu_iEUoPq0TS7Al3dzYJXfnz3UbOw4S_aZYJG7bNn8-wbno8BhROcpIZyxG8H-Alhr3YCD-9GhRBkAPh24EU5jbtFxom30vsuS50WR7K_

定义

苏联共产党,其前身是于1898年3月成立的俄国社会民主工党。1903年党内形成“布尔什维克”、“孟什维克”两派,1912年将孟什维克驱逐出党后称俄国社会民主工党(布尔什维克)。1918年改称俄国共产党(布尔什维克)。1925年改名为全联盟共产党(布尔什维克)。1952年改称苏联共产党,简称苏共。1991年苏联解体之后,人们普遍认为苏联共产党主要被俄罗斯联邦共产党及独立后的前加盟共和国共产党所继承(苏联共产党.via:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A?fr=aladdin&fromid=9585711&fromtitle=CPSU&type=syn#reference-[1]-42691-wrap)。它领导俄国工农推翻了沙俄封建专制政体和资本主义制度,进行了伟大的十月社会主义革命,建立了人类历史上第一个无产阶级专政的国家。从此,社会主义由理想变为现实,工人阶级政党第一次成为执政党。十月革命胜利后,以列宁为首的俄国共产党人领导人民粉碎了国内外敌人的猖狂进攻,英勇地捍卫了新生的苏维埃政权,为建立新型的社会主义社会进行不断的实践和探索,创造性地发展了马克思主义,促进了国际共产主义运动的发展,推动了人类历史的进程。列宁逝世后,以斯大林为首的苏联共产党人,捍卫了列宁主义,领导苏联人民取得了社会主义革命和建设的胜利;特别是打败了德意日法西斯,取得了卫国战争的伟大胜利,为世界和平作出了重大贡献。苏联共产党的历程中也有过失误和挫折,肃反扩大化和大党主义等曾产生了不良后果。1953年斯大林逝世后,苏共领导集团经过几次重大变动。自80年代后期起,苏共的纲领、党章、理论指导、组织结构以及社会作用等均发生了重大变化,并且正面临着严峻的考验和挑战。党中央机关报是《真理报》,党中央机关刊物是《共产党人》(康绍邦等,1991:355-356)。

定义来源

[1] 苏联共产党.via:
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A?fr=aladdin&fromid=9585711&fromtitle=CPSU&type=syn#reference-[1]-42691-wrap
[2] 康绍邦,胡尔湖.新编社会主义辞典[Z].中国广播电视出版社,1991.

例句

1. 总起来说,改革开放前后两个历史时期虽然有着重大差别,但归根到底是一脉相承的,统一于探索中国特色社会主义的伟大实践。正确认识这两个历史时期,不只是一个历史问题,更主要的是一个政治问题。苏联解体、苏共垮台,祸根从苏共二十大全面否定斯大林就埋下了。后来,发展到否定列宁进而全面否定苏共历史和苏联历史,搞历史虚无主义,把人们思想搞乱了,苏共执政和苏联存在也就失去了条件和理由。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》,2013:27

1. In general, these two historical periods differ greatly, but they are united in the great practice of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Correctly understanding them is not only a historical issue, but more importantly, a political issue. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) 20th of the National People’s Congress took utterly negative attitude towards Stalin, which lead to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the CPSU. Then it went further to deny Lenin and the history of the Soviet Union and CPSU. The spread of historical nihilism made a mess and CPSU and the Soviet Union lost condition and reason to be in existence. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China--On General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Significant Instruction on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 15-16.

2. 其实,这也是戈德曼对资本主义世界中所谓“悲剧人”存在本质的定位。上一世纪50年代中期,正值国际共产主义运动陷入悲剧性“消沉”情境的时刻,苏共“二十大”人为造就的巨大断裂使整个欧洲左派和马克思主义全面陷入理论上的精神分裂。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思主义思潮哲学文本解读(第二卷)》,2007:286

2. In fact, it is also Goldman’s basic positioning of the alleged “tragic man” in capitalism. The mid-1950s saw the international communist movement fall into a miserable “depression”, and the 20th Congress of the CPSU generated a great division that caused the whole European left camp and Marxism to suffer from a theoretical schizophrenia. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 377.

3. 在捷克斯洛伐克,苏共二十大意味着莫斯科影响的放松,这使捷克人得以依靠他们自身悠久的民主和文化传统来恢复他们的马克思主义,这一过程在1968年的“布拉格之春”达到了巅峰。改革在经济学和哲学中尤为引人注目。经济学方面的代表性人物是奥塔·希克(Ota Sik),他的《社会主义制度下的计划和市场》一书为1968年的许多改革提供了理论基础。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2005:152

3. 1n Czechoslovakia, the loosening of Moscow’s influence implied by the 20th Congress of the CPSU led the Czechs to rejuvenate their Marxism by drawing on their long democratic and cultural tradition, a process which culminated in the ‘Prague Spring’ of 1968. These reforms were especially noticeable in economics and in philosophy. In economics, the dominant figure was Ota Sik, whose Plan and Market under Socialism supplied the theoretical basis for many of the 1968 reforms. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 161.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
斯大林时期苏共监察制度的虚位,与苏共高度集中的权力体制紧紧相连,尤其是与后来越来越严重的个人专断、盛行领袖崇拜和迷信、民众的思想保守和官僚特权加剧密切联系。——《苏共监察制度的虚位研究》,上海师范大学硕士学位论文,2013
The phantom of the Soviet communist party supervisory system is linked with the highly centralized power system of the communist party, especially individual arbitrariness and later popular leader worship and superstition, conservative thoughts and bureaucratic privileges closely.

例句 2:
本部分结合前面的内容,从苏共个案的分析中,在执政党意识形态的建设、执政党对历史和领袖的评价、执政党与民众的关系三个方面揭示了执政党应该如何争取和维持政党话语权的优势地位,从而永保执政地位的启示。——《论戈尔巴乔夫改革时期苏共话语权的丧失》,中共中央党校硕士学位论文,2008
According to what has mentioned earlier and taking CPS for example, this part reveals how a ruling party maintains its right to speak dominant in a society and keeps its ruling power for ever from three aspects -- the ideology building, reasonable assessm

例句 3:
探寻苏共政治信任危机问题,特别是戈尔巴乔夫时期苏共政治信任危机问题,不仅有助于我们认清苏共垮台、苏联解体的实质,还对现阶段我国执政党建设具有重要的现实启示意义。——《戈尔巴乔夫时期苏共政治信任危机研究》,湖南师范大学硕士学位论文,2015
Exploring the CPSU crisis of political trust , especially the Gorbachev era CPSU crisis of political truth, not only helps us to understand the essence of the collapse of the CPSU, the collapse of the Soviet Union, also for the ruling party's construction in China at present stage has important realistic significance.

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更新时间:2024/6/29 5:49:13