字词 | 贯通论 |
释义 | 贯通论【英】coherence theory of truth译文来源[1] 金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:479. 定义贯通论又称融贯论或一致论(黄华新,2005:266)或真理一致论。贯通论主张一切信念都是通过推理获得的(长青,2003:46)。贯通论的基本思想很简单,即一命题如果与一系统中其它命题一致,此命题就是真的,否则就是假的。贯通论的理论基础在于系统这一概念。英国的布拉德雷在概括一致性与系统的关联时说道:“真理是整体的一种观念性的表述,同时也是一致的,可理解的。它不能与自身相冲突,而且也不可能有不在它之中的意见。简言之,完善的真理必须实现一系统的整体的观念”(格雷林,1992:159)。实在是一个统一的、融贯的整体。真理是对整体的认识,故真理不应自相矛盾,一组命题或一组信念必须彼此相容,在某些方面相互依赖,才能成为真理(金炳华等,2001:479)。这告诉我们一致性在于无矛盾与相互依赖,若一信念集合是一个一致集合,则组成它的信念相互间必须不矛盾,且以某种明确说明的方式依赖于该集合中的其它信念(格雷林,1992:159)。贯通论的另一重要代表美国的布兰夏尔德认为,真理是一个融贯的系统,这个系统具有内在的必然性,即在整体支配下的各个部分之间都存在着内在的必然的联系。在真理系统中,没有任何一个命题是任意的,每一个命题都会被其他命题推演出来。融贯性、系统性各部分之间的具体的必然性是真理的基本特征,也是判别命题是否具有真理性的标准。他还进一步认为,不但真理是一个具有必然联系的融贯系统,而且实在也是一个具有必然性的融贯系统。20世纪70年代莱舍(Nicholas Rescher)进一步发挥贯通论,试图探讨从许多具有不同程度贯通性的信念体系中挑选出一个具有最大贯通性的、真信念体系的方法(金炳华等,2001:479)。 定义来源[1] 长青.科学技术学[M].江苏科学技术出版社,2003. 例句1. 这一政治发展道路的核心思想、主体内容、基本要求都在宪法中得到了确认和体现,其精神实质是紧密联系、相互贯通、相互促进的。国家的根本制度和根本任务,国家的领导核心和指导思想,工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的国体,人民代表大会制度的政体,中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度,爱国统一战线,社会主义法制原则,民主集中制则,尊重和保障人权原则,等等,这些宪法确立的制度和原则,我们必须长期坚持、全面贯彻、不断发展。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:138-139 1. The core thought, underlying component and basic requirement of this political path are all affirmed in the Constitution, their theoretical essence being closely related, integrated and mutually reinforcing. We must uphold, implement and develop the systems and principles set forth in the Constitution, the basic system and basic tasks of the state, the core leadership and theoretical guidance of the state, the state system which is a socialist state under the people’s democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and farmers, the system of people’s congresses as the system of government, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, the system of community-level self-governance, the patriotic united front, the socialist legal system, the principle of democratic centralism, and the principle of respecting and safeguarding human rights. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 153. 2. 总结十年奋斗历程,最重要的就是我们坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想为指导,勇于推进实践基础上的理论创新,围绕坚持和发展中国特色社会主义提出一系列紧密相连、相互贯通的新思想、新观点、新论断,形成和贯彻了科学发展观。——《坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进为全面建成小康社会而奋斗——在中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会上的报告》,2012 2. The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice by following the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and by making courageous theoretical innovations on the basis of practices and developing closely interconnected new ideas and viewpoints on upholding and building socialism with Chinese characteristics. -Quoted from Firmly March on the Path of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Strive to complete the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Aspects—Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, 2012. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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