情欲论【英】

theory of love desire

译文来源

冯契.哲学大辞典（修订本）[Z].上海辞书出版社，2001：1140.

定义

西方伦理思想史上主张人的感性欲望推动道德进步，并以此作为评价道德善恶标准的理论。古希腊智者普罗塔哥拉提出个人的感性欲望是万物、也是道德善恶的尺度。西勒尼派的亚里斯提卜认为德行的价值在于给人以全面、现实的感官享乐。文艺复兴时期的一些人文主义者，如薄伽丘等主张人的感性欲望尤其是两性之间的情欲是人不可遏止的本性，任何自然的或人为的力量都不能扼杀，满足欲望是人道的标准。18世纪法国的爱尔维修系统论述了情欲理论，认为人的自爱本性即表现为情欲。情欲推动人类物质文明和精神文明，是道德进步的动因。同时揭露封建制度扼杀情欲，主张建立新的社会制度，使情欲合乎人性和道德的发展。19世纪初，空想社会主义者傅立叶运用爱尔维修的情欲论作为空想社会主义的理论基础，认为情欲是永恒不变的，全面满足情欲是人的真正幸福。人类社会依靠最高级的情欲即博爱来加以调节，使人道德完善，建立一个和谐的协作的新社会。情欲论涉及私有制条件下人的情欲对道德和社会生活所产生的作用，但没有从社会物质根源上去寻找情欲的产生及其发展变化（朱贻庭，2004：357-358）。

定义来源

朱贻庭.伦理学小辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2004.

例句

1. 情欲产生于紧张，而紧张状态是阶级社会所特有的流行病。如果这种紧张可以缓解，那么死的本能力量也必定能够减弱。抑制死的本能和增进爱欲，只有在提倡多方式的性满足和普遍的“里比多”（性）释放的社会中才能达到。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》，2008：281

1. Desire was produced by tension and tension was endemic to class society. If this tension could be reduced, then so would the power of the death instinct. The limitation of the death instinct and the enhancement of Eros could be achieved only in a society which encouraged polymorphous sexual gratification and widespread libidinal release. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 295-296.

2. 因此，安静一点，可爱的灵魂，对于叛乱的肉体，精神很快就会占上风的，并会在横溢沸腾的情欲面前立下一道不可逾越的“铁门槛”，情欲“碰到它”立刻就会“头破血流”。——《马克思恩格斯全集（第三卷）》，1956：100

2. Therefore—hush, sweet soul, the spirit will soon prevail over the rebellious flesh and set an insurmountable “barrier” to the overflowing, seething lusts, “against which” they will soon deal themselves a “mortal blow”. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5), 1975: 105.

3. 这样，真理这一怪影在这里不仅变成了展现自己并上升到统一的人，而且这种戏法是在真理之外，正如绦虫一样，是在某种第三者体内进行的。关于这位圣者还在青年时代当内心里还沸腾着情欲的时候和真理发生的恋爱关系，参看“神圣家族”第115页及以下各页。——《马克思恩格斯全集（第三卷）》，1956：98

3. Thus, we have here not only truth, this spectre, transformed into a person which develops itself and reaches unity, but in addition this trick is accomplished in a third personality outside it, after the manner of the tapeworm. Concerning the holy man’s former love affair with truth, when he was still young and the lusts of the flesh still strong in him—see Die heilige Familie, p. 115 et seq. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5), 1975: 103.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
第四章论述生命价值论,包括情欲论和全真论。早期全真道认为情欲是遮蔽真性的障碍,是罪恶及轮回的根源,主张除情灭欲。早期全真道的价值追求是全真而仙。全真指追求精神超越和解脱。全真之路在于出家修行。——《全真而仙——早期全真道生命哲学思想研究》，山东大学硕士学位论文，2015
The fourth chapter discusses the theory of life value, including the theory of desire and Quanzhen. Early Quanzhen sect thinks that desire covers True Xing and is the reason of sin and samsara, so everyone should remove all secular desire. The pursuit of Quanzhen to be immortal is spiritual transcendence and self-relief. The approach is to become a monk.

例句 2：
皇室当政者的情欲也因内外环境肆意膨胀,他们开始实施巫蛊等妖术福己祸人,刘宋当政者因受巫术色彩的信仰的迷惑,他们丧失人原有的天性。这也是儒学急需重建以便其适应新社会发展的力证。刘宋皇室的乱象,将原本病态的社会进一步推向疯狂发作的地步,皇室、上层社会及普通民众都承受了极大的心理压力；乱象致使大多数皇室及民众成为无辜冤魂；他们也因精神及信仰的紊乱迷失了人生的方向。——《刘宋皇室乱象研究》，湖北大学硕士学位论文，2011
With the wanton desire expansions who were in power, they carried out the black magic witchcraft not to bless their own but curse other people which made original society more crazy and sick. In a sense. the devoided of their humanity. Furthermore, Liu Song clan chaoses were caused by emperors with witchcraft beliefs. It is obvious that Confucianism also would make it reconstruct. Liu Yu was worshiped by his heirs who believed in his classical stories, and his characters have profound impacts on them. Liu Song carried out the old systems which made royalties to be in power