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字词 汇率
释义

汇率【英】

exchange rate

译文来源

Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 372.

定义

汇率,又称“汇价”或“外汇行市”(刘佩弦等,1988:174),是指一国货币单位与另一国货币单位之间的兑换比率(刘炳瑛等,1988:190),即一国货币用另一国货币表示出来的价格(刘佩弦等,1988:174)。货币平价,即两个货币单位含金量的比例,是决定汇率的基础。外汇供求情况对汇率也有直接影响。当外汇供不应求时,汇率高于货币平价;反之,汇率低于货币平价(刘炳瑛等,1988:190)。在纸币流通的条件下,汇率变动主要决定于国家的国际收支平衡状况(刘佩弦等,1988:174)。因国际贸易、国外投资、国际支出、战争支出等原因而造成的国家一时的支付差额,只要引起对外的现金支付,都会对汇率的变化产生影响。通常,当一国国际收支是顺差时,汇率对这个国家有利。其次,汇率的波动决定于一国的货币价值以及整个经济状况的变化。折算两个国家的货币单位,要先确定用一个国家的货币单位作为标准(刘炳瑛等,1988:190)。国际上汇率有两种标价方法,直接标价法和间接标价法(刘佩弦等,1988:174)。直接标价法是用1个单位或100个单位的外国货币作为标准,折算为一定数量的本国货币,是现在普遍采用的方法;间接标价法是用 1个单位或100个单位的本国货币作为标准,折算为一定数量的外国货币。当外汇行市上涨时,直接标价法表现为标价的本国货币额增多,间接标价法表现为标价的外国货币额减少;当外汇行市下跌时,直接标价法表现为标价的本国货币额减少,间接标价法表现为标价的外国货币额增多(刘炳瑛等,1988:190)。

定义来源

[1] 刘佩弦等.马克思主义与当代辞典[Z].中国人民大学出版社,1988.
[2] 刘炳瑛等.马克思主义原理辞典[Z].浙江人民出版社,1988.

例句

1. 中国将加强市场体系建设,推进宏观调控、财税、金融、投资、行政管理等领域体制改革,更加充分地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用。中国将努力深化利率和汇率市场化改革,增强人民币汇率弹性,逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:338

1. China will build a stronger market system, streamline the structures in the fields of macro-economic regulation and control, taxation, finance, investment, administration and other fields, and give full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation. China will further the reform of the marketization of interest and exchange rates, to increase the flexibility of the Renminbi exchange rate,and gradually make the Renminbi capital account convertible. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 372.

2. 亚太各经济体抗风险能力大大增强,汇率机制更加灵活,外汇储备水平显著提 高,各种多边和双边金融安排为应对复杂局面提供了机制保障。中国对亚太发展前景抱有信心。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:346

2. The Asia Pacific economies ate also in a much better position to fend off risks, with more flexible exchange rate schemes, notably larger foreign exchange reserves and various multilateral and bilateral financial arrangements providing institutional protection. China has faith in the development prospects of the Asia Pacific region. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 381.

3. 我们将完善基本经济制度,加强市场体系建设,推进宏观调控、财税、金融、投资领域体制改革,深化利率和汇率市场化改革,增强人民币汇率弹性,逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:347

3. We will improve our basic economic system, strengthen the market system, advance institutional reform in macro regulation, fiscal and tax systems, financial sectors and investment,extend the market-oriented reform of interest rates and the exchange rate, make the RMB exchange rate more flexible, and achieve, over time, the convertibility of the Renminbi under the capital account. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 382.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
布雷顿森林体系解体之后,美元汇率问题日渐凸显,美国政府的汇率政策也发生了重大变化。——“美国的汇率政治与人民币汇率之争”,载于《东北亚论坛》2015年第2期
After the disintegration of the Bretton Woods system, the issue of dollar exchange rate has gradually emerged and the U.S. government’s foreign exchange rate policy has also changed significantly.

例句 2:
本文基于汇率变化对就业市场影响的扩展理论框架,探讨了人民币实际汇率变化影响就业市场的传导机制和渠道。——“人民币实际汇率变化如何影响工业行业就业?”,载于《经济研究》2013年第3期
This study investigates the impacts of exchange rate on net employment in Chinese industrial sectors. The pass-through effects of exchange rate movements on job market are analyzed and its determinants are explored through a simple theoretical framework.

例句 3:
中国政府应该在坚持货币主权原则的基础上,通过灵活的法律手段解决人民币汇率争端,促进人民币汇率市场化改革,寻求国际合作以推进人民币国际化进程。——“人民币汇率争端的法律分析”,载于《中国法学》2012年第5期
On the basis of insisting on the principle of currency sovereignty, Chinese government should solve RMB exchange rate dispute by legal means flexibly, promote market-oriented reform of RMB, and seek international cooperation in order to promote the internationalization process of RMB.

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更新时间:2024/7/1 9:28:23