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字词 社会风气
释义

社会风气【英】

social moral; social conduct; social manner

译文来源

[1]Lenin, V. I. Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 30) [M]. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974: 409.
[2]Deng Xiaoping. Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping(Vol. 3) [C]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1994: 145-146.
[3]Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 38), 1982: 4-5.

定义

社会风气是指全社会或某些社会集团,在一定时期和一定范围内竞相仿效和传播流行的观念、爱好、习惯、传统和行为。是社会的政治、经济、文化、道德等状况的综合表现,同时也反映了一个民族的价值观念、风俗习惯与精神面貌(余源培,2004:482)。社会风气是群体中人际关系的一种氛围,是影响群体意识、群体凝聚力和群体工作效率的一个重要因素。社会风气渗透于社会生活的各个领域,表现在社会成员的复杂的社会关系中,以强烈的社会舆论和习惯势力,影响人们的言论和行动,成为推动或阻碍社会前进的强大动力。社会风气的好坏,关系到一个国家和民族的兴衰成败。社会风气既决定于社会的经济关系、政治法律制度,又受制于社会道德传统、思想文化水平和价值取向。对社会个体而言,好的社会风气给人带来一个良好的工作、学习、生活环境,能振奋人心,使人乐观进取,勤劳朴实,道德高尚;坏的社会风气,则涣散斗志,使人悲观消极,好逸恶劳,道德败坏(刘建明,1993:486)。好的社会风气是社会安定的关键,因此要把抓好社会风气当成一项任务。邓小平在1979年3月30日即已提出:“一定要从各方面采取有效的措施,搞好我们的社会风气,打击那些严重败坏社会风气的恶劣行为”(邓小平,1994:177)。他在1985年9月23日又指出:“当前的精神文明建设,首先要着眼于党风和社会风气的根本好转”,端正党风,是端正社会风气的关键”,“对一些严重危害社会风气的腐败现象,要坚决制止和取缔”(邓小平,1994:144-145)。实现社会风气根本好转的主要标志是:社会秩序明显改善;人们的劳动态度、工作态度和服务态度普遍改进;社会刑事犯罪、经济犯罪案件显著减少;各种损人利己、损公肥私、好逸恶劳的腐朽思想受到普遍鄙视;不择手段地追求享受、孤立和嘲笑积极分子的歪风邪气受到有效地制止(迟福林,张占斌,1992:1234)。

定义来源

[1]余源培. 邓小平理论辞典[Z]. 上海辞书出版社,2004.
[2]刘建明. 宣传舆论学大辞典[Z]. 经济日报出版社,1993.
[3]邓小平.邓小平文选(第二卷)[C].人民出版社,1994.
[4]迟福林,张占斌.邓小平著作学习大辞典[Z].山西经济出版社,1992.

例句

1. 女工运动的主要任务是争取妇女的经济平等和社会平等,而不仅是形式上的平等。让妇女参加社会生产劳动,使她们摆脱“家庭奴役”,从一辈子只是做饭、看孩子这种使人变得愚鲁、卑微的从属地位中解放出来。这就是主要的任务。这是一个要求根本改造公共设施和社会风气的长期斗争。但是斗争的结果一定会是共产主义取得完全胜利。——《列宁全集(第三十八卷)》,1986:204

1. It is the chief task of the working women's movement to fight for economic and social equality, and not only formal equality, for women. The chief thing is to get women to take part in socially productive labour, to liberate them from “domestic slavery”, to free them from their stupefying and humiliating subjugation to the eternal drudgery of the kitchen and the nursery. This struggle will be a long one, and it demands a radical reconstruction both of social technique and of morals. But it will end in the complete triumph of communism. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 30), 1974: 409.

2. 例如说,在全国解放以后,不到两三年的时间,我们就改变了旧社会那种极端腐败的社会风气,树立了具有优良道德品质的新的社会风气,难道没有广大人民群众自觉自愿的行动和群众之间的相互教育、相互劝导和相互帮助,能够收到这样的效果吗?——《邓小平文选(第一卷)》,1989:220

2. Here is yet another example. In less than three years after nationwide liberation, we got rid of the appallingly corrupt social conduct of the old days and fostered new social conduct with fine moral character. How could such results have been obtained without the conscientious and voluntary participation of the masses, without their learning from each other, offering advice to each other and helping each other? There are more examples. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 1), 1989: 224.

3. “七五”期间,工农业总产值的年增长率定在百分之七左右,这是政治局常委一致同意的,执行中可能超过。百分之七的速度并不低。速度过高,带来的问题不少,对改革和社会风气也有不利影响,还是稳妥一点好。一定要控制固定资产的投资规模,不要把基本建设的摊子铺大了。一定要首先抓好管理和质量,讲求经济效益和总的社会效益,这样的速度才过得硬。——《邓小平文选(第三卷)》,1993:143

3. It is projected that during the period of the plan the annual growth rate of the total value of industrial and agricultural output will be about 7 per cent, a figure on which the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau has agreed, and which may be exceeded in practice. That growth rate cannot be considered low. If the growth rate were too high, it would create many problems that would have a negative effect on the reform and on social conduct. It is better to be prudent. We must control the scale of investment in fixed assets and see that capital construction is not over- extended. To guarantee the planned growth rate, we must manage production well, ensure quality, and seek economic and social returns. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 3), 1994: 145-146.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
社会风气是在某一历史时期、特定的社会制度和意识形态影响下,社会成员中普遍流行的价值观念、道德风尚、社会心理、社会习俗和社会行为及其舆论氛围的综合表征,表现在人们的普遍性实践中。——《20世纪50年代中国社会风气研究》,西北大学硕士学位论文,2010
Social ethos is complicated representation of social moral, value tropism, social custom and atmosphere prevailing among the members of society, which exists in the historic age and converted with social development, meanwhile which is limited by social institution and ideology. Social ethos demonstrates the set of idea and moral attitudes to the social persons.

例句 2:
高等学校是多元化文化思潮的聚集地,同时也是文化开放的窗口。随着改革开放和社会主义市场经济的深入发展,全球化背景下外来文化的涌入,社会风气也随之发生变化,高等学校校园文化作为社会文化的一个子系统存在于社会大环境之中,必然与社会文化、社会风气有着千丝万缕的联系并受其影响。——《社会风气对高校校园文化建设的影响及对策研究》,广东海洋大学硕士学位论文,2012
Universities and colleges are gathering places for various culture and ideological trends. Meanwhile, they also provide a window for cultural openness. With the in-depth development of China's reform and opening up and socialist market economy, foreign culture with global context keeps flooding in, which brings a change to the social conduct. As a sub-system of the social culture, the school culture of universities and colleges is closely connected with the social culture and social conduct, so inevitably, it is also affected.

例句 3:
社会风气是衡量社会管理成效的重要标尺,社会风气治理是创新社会管理,构建和谐社会的重要组成部分。——“社会风气治理:创新社会管理的重要视域”,载于《毛泽东邓小平

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