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字词 民族战争
释义

民族战争【英】

national war

译文来源

Lenin, V. I. Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 22) [M]. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974: 314.

定义

民族战争是指不同民族之间为了一定的政治目的或经济利益而进行的武装斗争,是民族矛盾不可调和的产物,是阶级斗争的特殊形式。有正义和非正义之分。一切被压迫民族为反对民族压迫、民族歧视和民族掠夺所进行的战争是正义的战争。而压迫民族为掠夺、奴役和控制其他民族所进行的战争是非正义的,它将受到全世界人民的强烈反对(陈永龄,1987:352)。在帝国主义时期,殖民地半殖民地人民要求彻底推翻殖民主义、帝国主义、霸权主义及其走狗在他们国家中的统治,以争取政治上和经济上的彻底独立。中国人民反抗日本帝国主义侵略的(张占斌等,1993:893-894)。列宁说:“反对帝国主义列强的民族战争不仅是可能的和可以设想的,而且是不可避免的、进步的、革命的”(列宁,1959:853)。“否认在帝国主义时代有发生民族战争的一切可能,这在理论上是不正确的,在历史上显然是错误的,而在实践上则无异于欧洲沙文主义”(列宁,1958:74-75)。无产阶级及其政党坚定地站在被压迫民族一边,坚决支持他们为反对民族压迫、争取民族独立所进行的战争。

定义来源

[1]陈永龄.民族词典[Z].上海辞书出版社,1987.
[2]张占斌,蒋建农.毛泽东选集大辞典(修订本)[Z].山西人民出版社,1993.
[3]列宁.列宁全集(第二卷)[M].人民出版社,1959.
[4]列宁.列宁全集(第二十三卷)[M].人民出版社,1958.

例句

1. 例子是,法国波旁王朝曾请求外国入侵以反对雅各宾党人,1871年,资产者曾请求外国入侵以反对巴黎公社。马克思在《法兰西内战》中写道:“旧社会还能创造的最高英雄伟绩不过是民族战争,而这种战争现在表明是政府玩弄的十足的欺骗勾当,这种欺骗勾当的唯一目的不过是要推迟阶级斗争,当阶级斗争变成内战的熊熊火焰时,这种欺骗勾当也就被抛在一边了。”——《列宁全集(第二十八卷)》,1991:10

1. For example, the Bourbons in France invoked foreign invaders against the Jacobins; the bourgeoisie in 1871 invoked foreign invaders against the Commune. In his Civil War in France, Marx wrote: “The highest heroic effort of which old society is still capable is national war; and this is now proved to be a mere governmental humbug, intended to defer the struggle of classes, and to be thrown aside as soon as that class struggle bursts out into civil war.” -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 22), 1974: 314.

2. 所以,把现在的帝国主义性质强调到绝对否定民族战争的可能性的程度,是错误的。因为如果那样的话,社会主义的政治家就可能陷入这样一种处境:他由于圭持原则将按反动方式行事。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:364

2. So that it is wrong to universalise the imperialist character of the present to the point of denying absolutely that national wars are possible. For if that is done, the socialist politician might find himself in a situation where his adherence to principle would lead him to behave in a reactionary manner. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 275.

3. 首先,民族战争再次成为可能的形势虽然不大可能,但是它也没有完全被排除。它的实现取决于帝国主义战争阶段向国内战争阶段过渡的速度。所以,把现在的帝国主义性质强调到绝对否定民族战争的可能性的程度,是错误的。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思辩证法的研究》,1996:364

3. In the first place, a situation in which national wars once again become possible is not indeed likely but neither is it wholly out of the question. Its realization depends on the speed of the transition from the phase of imperialist war into the phase of civil war. So that it is wrong to universalize the imperialist character of the present to the point of denying absolutely that national wars are possible. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 275.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
福泽谕吉作为日本近代社会影响力最大的思想家,在日本近代化的探索过程中,积极宣扬西方文明,启发民智,为日本走向近代化铺平思想道路,赢得东方伏尔泰之美誉,与此同时也充当着日本政府发动战争的挑唆者和鼓吹者,其文明论中狭隘思想和民族战争观的主张顺应日本对外扩张的欲望,为日本发动战争寻求思想理论上的依据和庇护,从而蒙骗蛊惑日本民众,实现日本军国主义者对外战争,攫取战争利益的终极目标。——《福泽谕吉狭隘文明论与民族战争观探析》,齐齐哈尔大学硕士学位论文,2012
Fukuzawa Yukichi as the most influential Japanese thinkers in modern society promoted the Western civilization and inspired people, paved the way towards the modernization in thought, had won the reputation of Oriental Voltaire. At the same time, he also served as a instigator and advocate for the Japanese government to launch the war, his theory of narrow civilization and national view of war complied with the ambition of Japanese foreign expansion, seeking ideological and theoretical basis and asylum for Japanese government to launch the war, in order to deceive and confuse the Japanese people, realize the Japanese militarists’ ultimate goal of grabbing the benefits of war by foreign war.

例句 2:
孙犁走入抗战队伍,使其与底层人民有了深入的、广泛的接触,从思想和感情上拉近了他与草根平民的距离,而中国军民在抵抗外侮的民族战争中所表现出的坚强、勇敢和乐观也深深影响了孙犁对底层人民的认识和理解,尤其是通过参加编纂《冀中一日》,孙犁很清楚地看到了侵略者的血腥暴行,也看到了抗日军民在战争状态下展现出来的高尚的道德情操。——《革命、历史、人道与文学——孙犁论》,山东大学博士学位论文,2009
Sun Li’s participation in the Anti-Japanese War shortens the distance between the common people and the writer mentally and emotionally, thus enabling him to have m

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更新时间:2024/9/30 6:10:25