字词 | 《纯粹政治经济学纲要》 |
释义 | 《纯粹政治经济学纲要》【英】Elements of Pure Economics; or the Theory of Social Wealth (by Léon Walras)译文来源via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Walras#Major_works 定义《纯粹经济学要义》,又作《纯粹政治经济学纲要》,由法裔瑞士经济学家瓦尔拉斯所著,是瓦尔拉斯的代表作,也是西方边际主义经济学的一本经典著作,在西方经济学发展史上占有重要地位。书中集中阐述了两个主要理论,即边际效用价值论和一般均衡理论。全书一书共分八篇。第一篇为对象篇,阐述经济学对象;第二篇和第三篇为商品交换篇,研究消费品和消费服务的价格决定问题;第四篇为分配篇,主要研究生产资料的“生产服务”的价格决定问题;第五篇为再生产篇,研究新资本形成和固定资产的价格决定问题;第六篇为流通篇,研究流通资产亦即货币价格的决定问题;第七篇为发展篇,研究经济发展的决定因素;第八篇为非完全竞争篇,研究垄断和国家赋税对价格形成的影响。瓦尔拉斯本人将本书的研究课题分为四点,即交换理论、生产理论、资本形成理论和流通理论,研究的中心是价格(via:http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=RCKHO3dOSiqitMsB8wf409Av-2tdnw5P_dju3BwzV4bBtZXcnh826Xvn1U5E0lj-c2meAUakyAPQ6BDXV3qGNa)。作者首创一般均衡理论,提出一般均衡理论的目的是假定在完全竞争的市场中,假定在消费偏好生产结构竞争类型要素供给不变的前提条件下,可以通过数学方法证明所有商品与生产要素的价格与数量能够调整到相互协调的状态,达到一般均衡水平。 定义来源via: http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=RCKHO3dOSiqitMsB8wf409Av-2tdnw5P_dju3BwzV4bBtZXcnh826Xvn1U5E0lj-c2meAUakyAPQ6BDXV3qGNa 例句1. 因此,在法兰克福学派那里,阶级斗争和政治经济学已退居第二位,而让位于对人与自然之间的关系的堕落方式作出更为广泛的探讨。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:275 1. Thus class struggle and political economy took second place in the Frankfurt School to a broader account of the way in which the relationship between man and nature had become vitiated. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx:An Introduction, 1998: 289. 2. 在这方面最重要的著作是卢森堡的《资本积累论》。她原先一直研究经济学,1907年,她在柏林的党校执教,主要讲授经济学。她写好讲稿后,便随即编成简明《政治经济学入门》一书。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:18 2. The most important work in this field was Rosa Luxemburg’s Accumulation of Capital. Her original studies had been in economics and in 1907 she obtained a job teaching mainly economics at the Party school in Berlin. She wrote up her lectures almost immediately into the short Introduction to Political Economy. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx:An Introduction, 1998: 54. 3. 布哈林还宣称,在社会主义制度下不会有政治经济学,这就给人以一种印象,即革命后的俄国比其他国家更少受到客观性的限制,而这与他那赤裸裸的强调强制的必要性观点是完全一致的:这听起来好像自相矛盾:无产阶级的一切强制形式,从各种机构体制到义务劳动,正好构成了一套把资本主义时代人的素质改造成共产主义新人性的方法。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:119 3. Bukharin also stated that the science of political economy would not exist under socialism and thereby gave the impression that postrevolutionary Russia was less subject to objective constructions than other countries. And this fitted well with his blunt view of the necessity of compulsion: Proletarian compulsion in all its forms, from institutions to compulsory labour, constitutes, as paradoxical as this may sound, a method of the formation of a new Communist humanity from the human material of the capitalist epoch. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx:An Introduction, 1998: 128. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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