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字词 革命性质
释义

革命性质【英】

revolutionary character; revolutionary nature

译文来源

[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press, 1998: 228.
[2] Lukács, G. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1968: 302.

定义

革命性质,是揭示历史上各种社会革命的质的规定性的概念,指由特殊的社会基本矛盾和阶级矛盾所规定的革命主体、对象、任务等的总和。社会的主要矛盾和革命任务对社会革命的根本属性具有决定作用(范平等,1989:79);而社会革命的性质对革命的主体、革命的对象、以及革命的任务等具有决定意义。代表先进生产力的革命的领导阶级以及这一阶级可以联合和团结的阶级是社会革命的主体;革命所反对的社会力量是社会革命的对象,即维护腐朽的经济基础和上层建筑的反动阶级;革命阶级所要完成的推翻反动阶级的统治、建立新的国家和政治面貌的历史使命是社会革命的任务。由于革命的主体、对象和任务等不同, 历史上的社会革命划分为不同性质的革命,例如资产阶级民主主义性质的革命,无产阶级社会主义性质的革命等(via: http://book.duxiu.com/EncyDetail.jsp?dxid=900005628031&d=1EC4A467D8196A31A11B94CA0AF870C9)。在半殖民地半封建社会的旧中国,中国人民同帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义之间的矛盾是社会的主要矛盾,而中国社会革命的主要任务是推翻帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的反动统治,由于中国社会的这种特殊性质和具体的革命任务,当时的社会革命的性质是资产阶级民主主义性质的革命,而不是无产阶级社会主义性质的革命。认清社会革命性质,对于无产阶级政党制定正确的路线、方针、政策,都具有决定性的意义(范平,1989:79)。

定义来源

[1] 革命性质.via:
http://book.duxiu.com/EncyDetail.jsp?dxid=900005628031&d=1EC4A467D8196A31A11B94CA0AF870C9
[2] 范平.党的建设辞典[Z].上海人民出版社,1989.

例句

1. 毛泽东超越列宁,提出关于专政可以是几个革命阶级的联合专政的主张,他想强调的是中国人民作为一个整体的革命性质。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,1998:218-219

1. Mao went beyond Lenin in stating that the dictatorship would be one of several revolutionary classes. He wished to emphasise the revolutionary character of Chinese people as a whole. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 228.

2. 自发“论”是机会主义的理论,是崇拜工人运动自发性的理论,是实际上否认工人阶级的先锋队即工人阶级政党的领导作用的理论。崇拜自发性的理论坚决反对工人运动的革命性质,反对使工人运动循着反对资本主义基础的路线行进,而主张使工人运动仅仅循着资本主义“可以履行的”“可以接受的”要求的路线行进,完全主张采取“阻力最小的路线”。自发论是工联主义的思想体系。——《斯大林全集(第六卷)》,1956:66

2. The “theory” of spontaneity is a theory of opportunism, a theory of worshiping the spontaneity of the labour movement, a theory which actually repudiates the leading role of the vanguard of the working class, of the party of the working class. The theory of worshipping spontaneity is decidedly opposed to the revolutionary character of the working-class movement; it is opposed to the movement taking the line of struggle against the foundations of capitalism; it is in favour of the movement proceeding exclusively along the line of “realisable” demands, of demands “acceptable” to capitalism; it is wholly in favour of the “line of least resistance.” The theory of spontaneity is the ideology of trade--unionism. -Quoted from J. Stalin Works (Vol. 6), 1953: 93-94.

3. 中派的态度包括既反对公开的修正主义,又反对要求革命仔动;理论上在绝前者,但是并没有认真努力把它排除于党的实践之外;理治上肯定后者,然而又否定它在当前的迫切性。尽管如此,象考茨基和希法亭这种人还是能够坚持时代的一般革命性质,坚持革命的历史现实性,虽然并不感到必须把这种观点运用于当前的决策。由于这个缘故,对无产阶级说来,这些意见分歧一直只是不管怎样仍然是革命的工人运动内部的意见分歧,不可能对各种不同派别进行明确的区分。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:393

3. These attitudes included a polemic both against an open Revisionism and against the demand for revolutionary action; the theoretical rejection of the former without making any serious efforts to eliminate it from the praxis of the party; the theoretical affirmation of the latter while denying its immediate application to the situation. With all this it was still possible, e.g. for Kautsky and Hilferding, to insist on the generally revolutionary nature of the age and on the idea that the time was ripe for revolution without feeling the compulsion to apply this insight to decisions of the moment. The upshot was that for the proletariat these differences of opinion simply remained differences of opinion within workers’ movements that were nevertheless revolutionary movements. And so it became impossible to draw a firm distinction between the various groups. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectic, 1971: 302.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本文拟透过查理一世的“宗教革新”政策这个侧面,来探究英国革命与民族国家形成之间的关系,进而得出关于英国革命性质的基本认识一方面,英国革命并不是像许多学者所定位的那样,属于资产阶级革命范畴的标志性事件,或者像有些学者所定位的那样,只是现代英国政治史的偶然性插曲。——“查理一世的‘宗教革新’与英国革命性质辨析——再论‘英国民族国家形成过程中的宗教因素’”,载于《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年第4期
This paper will discuss the policies of Charles I about religious reforms, study the relationship between the 17th century Revolution in England and its formation of nation-state, and have our basic understanding about the nature of the Revolution in England. On the one hand, the Revolution in England was not a landmark event belonging to the category of bourgeois revolution as many scholars claimed, nor was it an accidental episode in the English political history as some other researchers considered. 

例句 2:
对革命性质的判断, 直接影响着革命策略的制定及革命力量的定位。——“列宁认为十月革命是社会主义革命吗?”,载于《井冈山大学学(社会科学版)》2014年第5期
Judgment of the nature of a revolution instantly influences its participants’ decision of revolutionary strategies and deployment of revolutionary forces.

例句 3:
以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人通过区分真假、新旧三民主义,完成了对三民主义的解构与重构,同时又以“新民主主义”为主题提出了一系列新概念新思想,对中国革命的性质、任务、前途、步骤等重大问题作了科学阐述,初步建构起新民主主义革命的话语体系,实现了对三民主义话语的超越,逐步掌握了中国民主革命的话语权。——“国共三民主义之争与新民主主义革命话语的建构(1938—1940)”,载于《中共中央党校学报》2016年第4期
By distinguishing the true and false, new and old ones, the Communists with comrade Mao Zedong as major representative complete

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更新时间:2024/6/29 5:06:59