字词 | 简单劳动与复杂劳动 |
释义 | 简单劳动与复杂劳动【英】simple labour and complex labour; simple labour and compound labour译文来源[1] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 8) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1977: 260. 定义简单劳动与复杂劳动是用于体现生产商品的劳动的复杂程度的一对范畴。前者指不需要经过专门训练、任何普通人都能胜任的劳动。后者指经过专门训练、具有一定技术和专长的劳动(简单劳动与复杂劳动.via:http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/Default_Result.aspx?code=CRPD&kw=%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8&korder=0&sel=1)。 定义来源[1] 简单劳动与复杂劳动.via:http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/Default_Result.aspx?code=CRPD&kw=%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8&korder=0&sel=1 例句1. 孟德斯鸠第五十六从来没有听说过,在现存条件下,由于分工的关系,简单劳动正在代替复杂劳动,童工正在代替成年工,女工正在代替男工,自动机器正在代替独立的工人;随着现代工业的发展,工人的教育逐渐成为多余的和不可能的了。我们且不把科伦的孟德斯鸠送到圣西门或傅立叶那里去,而把他送到马尔萨斯和李嘉图那里去。让我们这位笨伯在改善现代关系以前,在发表神谕般的议论以前,先去研究一下这些关系的最基本的原理吧。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第六卷)》,1961:222 1. Montesquieu LVI has never heard that under existing conditions the division of labour replaces complex labour by simple labour, th labour of adults by that of children, the labour of men by that of women, the labour of the independent workers by automatons; that, in proportion as modern industry develops, the education of workers becomes unnecessary and impossible. We refer the Montesquieu of Cologne neither to Saint-Simon nor to Fourier but to Malthus and Ricardo. This worthy should first acquaint himself with the rudiments of present-day conditions before trying to improve them and making oracular utterances. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 8), 1977: 260. 2. 正如商品具有使用价值和交换价值的二重性一样,商品中包含的劳动也具有二重性:一方面,作为一定的生产活动,如织工的劳动、裁缝的劳动等等,是有用劳动;另一方面,作为人类劳动力的单纯支出,是凝结的抽象劳动。前者生产使用价值,后者生产交换价值,只有后者才能在量上作比较(熟练劳动和非熟练劳动的差别,复杂劳动和简单劳动的差别,证实了这一点)。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十六卷)》,1964:275 2. Just as a commodity is something twofold: use-value and exchange-value, so the labour contained in it is twofold determined: on the one hand, as definite productive activity, weaving labour, tailoring labour, etc.—useful labour; on the other, as the simple expenditure of human labour-power, precipitated abstract labour. The former produces use-value, the latter exchange-value; only the latter is quantitatively comparable (the differences between SKILLED and UNSKILLED, complex and simple labour confirm this). -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 20), 1985: 265. 3. 这种复杂劳动和简单劳动即仅仅是简单劳动力的消耗,是否在同一时间内生产出同一的商品价值呢?显然不是。一小时复杂劳动的产品同一小时简单劳动的产品相比,是一种价值高出两倍或三倍的商品。复杂劳动的产品的价值通过这种比较表现为一定量的简单劳动;但是复杂劳动的这种简化是由生产者背后的社会过程完成的,在这里,在阐述价值论时,对这一过程只能加以确定,还不能予以说明。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:215 3. Do these kinds of compound labour produce, in the same interval of time, the same commodity values as simple labour, the expenditure of mere simple labour-power? Obviously not. The product of one hour of compound labour is a commodity of a higher value—perhaps double or treble—in comparison with the product of one hour of simple labour. The values of the products of compound labour are expressed by this comparison in definite quantities of simple labour; but this reduction of compound labour is established by a social process which goes on behind the backs of the producers, by a process which at this point, in the development of the theory of value, can only be stated but not as yet explained. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 184 网络参考例句例句 1: |
随便看 |
汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。