字词 | 欲望哲学 |
释义 | 欲望哲学【英】philosophy of desire译文来源[1] 金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:1874. 定义欲望哲学,当代著名哲学家、后结构主义主要代表吉尔·德勒泽的哲学观点,后结构主义的主要理论。其主要的理论来源是尼采主义,产生的直接原因是对以“五月风暴”失败为标志的西方马克思主义和费洛伊德主义失败的反思。德勒泽认为“欲望是自由发展的,它采取分裂增生的方式颠覆一切社会形态,破除社会的中心,打碎社会的结构。人在欲望中生活,人就是一台欲望机器,欲望表现为欲望机器的分裂增生的过程”(金炳华,2003:1057),不应该对人的欲望进行压制。德勒泽分析了社会如何对人的欲望加以压制,他把这种压制称为“范围的控制”,而欲望打破控制则称为“反范围控制”,或“破除规范”。德勒泽反对弗洛伊德及马尔库塞等对奥狄浦斯情结的解释,认为资本主义社会的出现就是奥狄浦斯化的实现。欲望哲学其实质是一种反对一切形式的法西斯主义的生活艺术,其意义和价值在于把人的本能欲望冲动与社会生产联系起来,从一个特定的剖面提出了到底应该怎样看待人的欲望问题。 定义来源金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 马尔塞库对艺术实验的支持也促使他远离正统马克思主义的传统。在他的一生中,这仍然是正式地忠于社会主义的现实主义原则。后者的支持者实际上把所有的艺术实验都视为精英主义,并且仍然坚持反代主义的观点,蔑视20世纪西方艺术世界所发生的事情。卢卡奇在正统意义上并不是社会主义的现实主义者(而且是后斯大林时代美学的一位公开批评者),甚至他都被发现站在反现代主义者一边。马尔塞库审美信念同样显示了一种在这一领域超越马克思主义正统的欲望:一种挑战公认的智慧和传统假设的欲望;在他看来,这些智慧和传统假设等于背叛了马克思主义的革命理想。他与阿多诺、布莱希特和本雅明一道(他们在美学理论中都赞同现代主义立场)挑战了社会主义的现实主义美学,后者认为现代主义基本上是精英主义的和反社会主义的。—— 《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:135-136 1. Marcuse’s championship of artistic experiment also serves to distance him from the orthodox tradition, which in his lifetime was still officially committed to the principles of socialist realism. Proponents of the latter regarded virtually all artistic experiment as elitist, and remained anti-modernist in outlook in defiance to what was happening in the Western artistic world as the twentieth century advanced. Even Lukács, no socialist realist in the orthodox sense (and in post-Stalinist times an outright critic of the aesthetic), was to be found on the side of the anti-modernists. Marcus’s aesthetic beliefs indicate a desire to go beyond Marxist orthodoxy in this realm as well: a desire to challenge received wisdom and traditional assumptions that in his opinion amount to a betrayal of Marxism’s revolutionary ideals. He is in company with Adorno, Brecht and Benjamin, all of whom had taken the side of modernism in their aesthetic theories, challenging the received wisdom of the socialist realist aesthetic which regarded modernism as fundamentally elitist and anti-socialist. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 87. 2. 但是,黑格尔在什么地方讲过这些呢?在《现象学》的结尾,逻辑作为第二哲学那还是以后的事。但是现象学——这些恰好突出地反驳了谢林的理解——并不是一门纯理性科学,它只指出通往理性科学的道路,即把经验的东西、感性意识提高到纯理性科学的观点。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十一卷)》,1982:239 2. But where does Hegel say this? At the end of the Phänomenologie, where he has the whole of logic before him as a second philosophy. Phenomenology, however— here stands out the very opposite of Schelling’s interpretation—was not the pure science of reason, but only the path to it, the raising of the empirical, of sensory consciousness to the level of the pure science of reason. Not logical, but phenomenological consciousness finds these three -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 2), 1975: 217. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
随便看 |
汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。