字词 | 概念的判断 |
释义 | 概念的判断【英】judgment of the notion译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1987: 504. 定义概念的判断,是德国哲学家黑格尔的用语,指黑格尔在《逻辑学》中所指出的判断分类的最高形态。黑格尔将判断划分成质的判断、反映的判断、必然的判断和概念的判断四类。(冯契,2007:480)概念的判断,是以概念作为自己的内容,亦即以普遍的东西及其全部规定性作为内容、并且表明主词和谓词在内容上完全一致的判断。(张世英,1991:783)概念判断的谓词是普遍性、特殊性和个别性的统一,概念判断的主词与谓词体现着概念的具体性。概念的判断具有三种发展形式,分别是确然判断、或然判断、必然判断。(金炳华,2003:28)确然判断以个体事物为主词,确然判断的谓词是主词的一种反映的存在形式和普遍性的统一。黑格尔认为确然判断在它最初的直接主词里还没有包含谓词所表达的特殊与普遍的联系,而只是反映了一种主观的特殊性。因此,概念判断可立即转化为一种或然判断。或然判断可以表述为“主词或许是谓词”的形式,比确然判断进了一步,它能抵挡对确然判断的反对。必然判断则是指作为普遍性的主词已经包含了特殊性,主词与事物的本性相符。必然判断的表述形式是“某类中的特定个体具有如此这般的性质”。必然判断,确定在主词之中,判断具有真理性。必然判断实际上是对论断作了论证,因而是向推理的过渡。(冯契,2007:480) 定义来源[1] 冯契.哲学大辞典(分类修订本)上册[Z].上海辞书出版社,2007. 例句1. 概念的判断,这里所表明的是主语对自己的一般本性,或者如黑格尔所说的,对自己的概念符合到什么程度(实然判断:这所房子是坏的;或然判断:如果一所房子如此这般地建造起来,它就是好的;必然判断:如此这般地建造起来的房子是好的)。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:566 1. Judgment of the notion, in which is predicated of the subject how far it corresponds to its general nature or, as Hegel says, to the notion of it (assertoric judgment: this house is bad; problematic judgment: if a house is constituted in such and such a way, it is good; apodeictic judgment: the house that is constituted in such and such a way is good). -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 504. 2. 只过了三年,迈尔就能够(至少在实质上)把反省判断提高到它现在还起着作用的阶段:在每一情况的特定条件下,任何一种运动形式都能够而且不得不直接或间接地转变为其他任何运动形式。这是概念的判断,并且是必然判断——判断的最高形式。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:567-568 2. Only three years later, Mayer was able, at least in substance, to raise the judgment of subsumption to the level at which it now stands: any form of motion, under conditions fixed for each case, is both able and compelled to undergo transformation, directly or indirectly, into any other form of motion—a judgment of the notion, and moreover an apodeictic one, the highest form of judgment altogether. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 505. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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