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字词 社会利益   
释义

社会利益   【英】

social interest

译文来源

金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:645.

定义

社会利益亦称“社会整体利益”、“公众利益”。指社会整体生存和发展的各种需要。与“个人利益”相对。在不同的社会和不同的历史时期,社会利益具有不同的内容(朱贻庭,2002:284)。恩格斯指出:“人们自觉地或不自觉地,归根到底总是从他们阶级地位所依据的实际关系中—从他们进行生产和交换的经济关系中,获得自己的伦理的观念”(马克思等,1995:434)。在阶级社会里,社会利益主要是通过各个阶级的利益要求表现出来的。阶级社会里的各个阶级,都是首先要求维护和发展本阶级的利益的,但只要这种要求有助于社会生产力的提高,有助于社会的制度文明和精神文明的进步,有助于增进社会大多数成员的福利,也就在一定程度上体现了社会利益。一般来说,劳动者阶级的利益要求在很大程度上与社会利益相一致,剥削阶级的利益要求则只是在上升时期与社会利益有着较多的一致(罗国杰,1993:217)。无产阶级的社会利益是人民群众的根本利益、长远利益和当前利益。包括经济上极大提高社会生产力,满足人们不断增长的物质文化需要;政治上巩固人民民主专政,推进社会主义民主政治,逐步做到由社会全体成员共同管理社会;努力消灭体力劳动和脑力劳动的差别,使社会成员在各方面全面发展,最终目的是实现共产主义。在现阶段,社会主义道德要求人们发扬社会利益、集体利益和个人利益相结合的社会主义集体主义精神。在此前提下,充分尊重个人的利益(朱贻庭,2002:284)。

定义来源

[1]朱贻庭.伦理学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2002.
[2]马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯选集(第三卷)[C].人民出版社,1995.
[3]马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯选集(第二卷)[C].人民出版社,1995.
[4]罗国杰.中国伦理学百科全书 伦理学原理卷[Z].吉林人民出版社,1993.

例句

1. 我注意到,“社会”这个范畴是马克思思想中再次出现的一种核心规定。它不同于第一笔记本第一部分中所指称的与个人利益相对立的客观化和外化了的社会利益而相当于或接近于在第一笔记本第二部分中所论述的人的没有被异化的真正的“类”。有关这一点,马克思是在第一笔记本的最后两个问题中提出来的,即与私有财产根本异质的“真正人的财产或社会的财产”中的那个“社会的”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:239

1. I have remarked that the category of “society” is a central qualification that appears again in Marx’s thinking. This is distinct from the objectified and alienated social interest that is in opposition to man’s interest (which Marx describes in the first section of the first notebook), and is similar or approaches the un-estranged, true “species” which Marx describes in the second section of the first notebook. Marx discusses these differences in the last two questions of the first notebook in his use of the word “social:” “true human property or social property. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the context of Economics, 2014: 180.

2. 换句话说,表现为全部行为的动因的共同利益,虽然被双方承认为事实,但是这种共同利益本身不是动因,它可以说只是在自身反映的特殊利益背后,在同另一个人的个别利益相对立的个别利益背后得到实现的。就最后这一点来说,个人至多还能有这样一种安慰感:他的同别人利益相对立的个别利益的满足,正好就是被扬弃的对立而即一般社会利益的实现。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十六卷上)》,1979:196

2. This means that the social interest which appears as the motive of the act as a whole, is certainly recognised as a fact on both sides, but as such it is not the motive, but goes on, as it were, merely behind the back of the self-reflected particular interests, behind the back of an individual’s interest in contrast to that of the other. In this latter respect, the individual can at most have the consoling awareness that the satisfaction of his individual interest as opposed to that of the other is precisely the realisation of the transcended antithesis, of the general social interest. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 28), 1986: 176.

3. 为什么反权威主义者不只是限于高喊反对政治权威,反对国家呢?所有的社会主义者都认为,国家以及政治权威将由于未来的社会革命而消失,这就是说,社会职能将失去其政治性质,而变为维护社会利益的简单的管理职能。但是,反权威主义者却要求在那些产生政治国家的社会关系废除以前,一举把政治国家废除。他们要求把废除权威作为社会革命的第一个行动。—— 《列宁全集(第三十一卷)》,1985:59

3. “Why do the anti-authoritarians not confine themselves to crying out against political authority, the state? All socialists are agreed that the state, and with it political authority, will disappear as a result of the coming social revolution, that is, that public functions will lose their political character and become mere administrative functions of watching over social interests. But the anti-authoritarians demand that the political state be abolished at one stroke, even before the social relations that gave both to it have been destroyed. They demand that the first act of the social revolution shall be the abolition of authority. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1974: 442.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
社会主义新农村建设背景下农村社会利益矛盾解决机制研究是我国社会主义新农村建设问题研究中的重要内容。——《新农村建设背景下我国农村社会利益矛盾解决机制研究》,四川农业大学硕士学位论文,2013
The context of new socialist countryside construction of rural social conflicts of interests Settlement Mechanism is building a new socialist countryside is an important research content.

例句 2:
转型期中国社会利益关系的调整和变动,利益格局的变化,直接影响改革发展和稳定的大局,直接关系到社会主义和谐社会构建的全过程。——《化解社会利益矛盾的长效机制研究》,华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2007
The change of the soeial relationshiP on behalf of the benefits of different social eommunities, and the change of benefits on behalf of the different soeial eommunities, all this have a direct influence on the whole Proeess of the construetion of a harmonious soeialist soeiety.

例句 3:
随着国际贸易的发展和改革开放以来我国商品经济的发达,我国市场上流通的产品的种类日益丰富。但是,因产品缺陷而导致的消费者人身、财产损害和对社会利益、公共安全构成威胁的问题日渐突出。——《产品召回法律制度比较研究》,对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文,2006
After China took the reform and opening policy, the international trade and market economy got full developed, and the category of products has been become abundance. However, the damages of consumers and the threat in our society caused by defect products become increasingly seriously.

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