字词 | 价值中立性 |
释义 | 价值中立性【英】value neutrality译文来源Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: xxii. 定义价值中立性,是指研究者对于选定的研究对象来说,在研究的过程中应该放弃任何主观的价值观念,严格以客观的、中立的态度进行观察和分析,从而保证研究的客观性和科学性(价值中立性.via:http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=20BF_5dNup78wVmPJ7Yg0hMMBDjJDpKgJlRmPBJ_JpXflPKyUg_TVndA597gVC9hgQd2-y0m7WdmriP3GXBUbdQMRRYpEi_x9qjC87Fua_y16Hg05JTUAFg-SUBIkzNOdTLYMGtSwg7ank9myZcgQ_)。社会科学具有主观性的外观,有着历史的殊异性,这使得社会科学研究带有价值关联性。许多科学家认为,为了保证社会科学研究的客观性,必须坚持价值中立性。客观性是科学的最基本要求之一,是社会科学根本的方法论特点,它主要表现为社会科学家在研究过程中的“价值中立”态度,然而在社会科学研究过程中,价值中立性的追求却显得格外困难。在社会科学研究中很难保持价值中立性的原因:社会科学研究的对象——社会现象、社会事实总是与个人的主观意志有着一定关联,因而有着主观性的外观,有着历史的殊异性。社会不同于自然的最大特点,在于它的主体和载体不是纯粹的自在物,而是高度自觉的人,是追求和实现着自己的目的的人。这正如恩格斯所说:“在社会历史领域内进行活动的,全是具有意识的、经过思虑或凭激情行动的、追求某种目的的人;任何事情的发生都不是没有自觉的意图,没有预期的目的的。”由于这个特点,从而使社会运动呈现出一定的目的性、主观性、自觉性。正由于社会科学研究者与其研究对象的内在相关性,因而他们有可能自觉或不自觉地把自己的兴趣、爱好、情感和价值取向转化为一种强烈的认知定势和理解模式而渗透到对于客体的观察、理解和解释之中,并进而对其研究结果的真实性产生影响(肖昭理,2002:28)。所以,只有坚持以马克思主义特别是以唯物史观为指导,才能真正坚持价值中立性。 定义来源[1] 价值中立性.via:http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=20BF_5dNup78wVmPJ7Yg0hMMBDjJDpKgJlRmPBJ_JpXflPKyUg_TVndA597gVC9hgQd2-y0m7WdmriP3GXBUbdQMRRYpEi_x9qjC87Fua_y16Hg05JTUAFg-SUBIkzNOdTLYMGtSwg7ank9myZcgQ_ 例句1. 第一个解读模式是西方马克思学的两个马克思的神话。所谓“马克思学”,是指并不信仰马克思主义,而只是将马克思的文献作为“客观的”历史文本对象的研究活动。其实,这种神目观式的价值中立只是一种意识形态的幻象。固然,“马克思学”正式挂名于20世纪50年代末,但这种研究倾向在西方很早就出现了。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:3 1. The first interpretive model, the Western Marxologie Model, proposes the myth of two Marxes. Here, “Marxologie” refers to the research conducted by scholars who do not believe in Marxism but who study its texts as “objective” historical sources. In actuality, this omniscient form of value neutrality is nothing but an ideological illusion. While “Marxologie” has existed since the 1950s, this research trend had already appeared even earlier in the West. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: xxii. 2. 显然,马克思再也沉不住气了,他再也无法容忍资产阶级经济学的这种无视劳动者死活的“价值中立性”(韦伯语),以至于不得不用人本主义哲学话语与社会主义政治立场来对抗经济学。这样,他终于打破了那种理论沉默。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:166 2. Apparently at this point Marx was unable to hold himself back any longer, he could no longer tolerate the indifferent attitude of “value neutrality” (to use Weber’s words) of the bourgeois economists towards the plight of the workers. Finally, Marx could not help but use the words of humanist philosophy and the socialist political position to oppose economics. Thus Marx finally breaks his theoretical silence. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 121. 3. 整个资产阶级意识形态就建立在这个涂满迷幻色彩的神话之上。后来的韦伯的价值中立、颠覆与马克思这里的理论建构有着直接的关联。韦伯正是从生产出发,从技术结构出发,即从物化的第一个层面出发,而有意去除马克思在更深层面所关注的物化和颠倒了的社会关系。从社会关系中超拔出来再重新回到物相,这正是一种新型意识形态的形成过程。韦伯的思路是技术现象经验论,必将导致工艺、工具理性、科技意识形态。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:527 3. The whole of bourgeois ideology is founded on this enchanting myth. Later, Weber's value neutrality and overthrow are directly linked to Marx's theoretical construction at this point. Weber proceeds from production, from technological structures, or in other words from the first level of objectification; he consciously eliminates the objectified and inverted social relations on which Marx focuses on a deeper level. A new ideology was formed as surpassing social relations and then returning to the level of material. Weber's line of thought represents the empirical theory of technological phenomena; it inevitably led to ideologies of technology, instrumental rationality, and science. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 415. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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