字词 | 群众运动 |
释义 | 群众运动【英】mass movement; mass campaign译文来源[1]金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:1157. 定义人民群众为了实现某种政治、经济目的而组织起来进行的具有一定规模和声势的持续的革命活动,即有组织有目的的活动。群众运动是人民群众创造历史的重要形式之一。在人类历史上,没有革命的群众运动,旧的社会制度就无法推翻,新的社会制度也无法建立,社会就不能发展,历史就不能前进。在无产阶级政党产生之前,群众运动或者因为没有正确领导下的群众运动,才成为劳动人民自己解决自己的革命运动。1907年列宁在《马克思致路库格曼书信集俄译本序言》中以马克思对待巴黎公社的态度为榜样,强调应当重视群众的历史主动性,将对待群众运动的态度问题作为区分无产阶级革命家和资产阶级革命家的根本问题(金炳华等,2001:1157)。毛泽东在《湖南农民运动考察报告》中指出,对待群众运动可以有三种根本不同的态度:“站在他们前面领导他们呢?还是站在他们后头指手画脚的批评他们呢?还是站在他们的对面反对他们呢?”(毛泽东,1991:13)毛泽东始终坚持在群众运动中坚持走群众路线的主张,这是实现目标的重要政策保障。他认为:“只要我们依靠人民,坚决地相信人民群众的创造力是无穷无尽的,因而信任人民,和人民打成一片,那就任何困难也能克服,任何敌人也压不倒我们,而只会被我们所压倒”(毛泽东,1991:1096)。在社会主义建设时期,一般不宜再采用群众运动的方法而是通过采用改革来完善和发展社会主义制度。 定义来源[1]金炳华,冯契.哲学大词典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001. 例句1. 关于这一点,我们还可以参照一下黑格尔自己的具体说法。以他的观点,政治经济学就是从“需要和劳动的观点出发,然后按照群众关系和群众运动的质和量的规定性以及它们的复杂性来阐明这些关系和运动的一门科学”。 ——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:70 1. On this point, let us refer to Hegel’s own writings. According to Hegel, political economy, “begins with the above viewpoints [need and labor] but must go on to explain mass relationships and mass movements in their qualitative and quantitative determinacy and complexity.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 41. 2. 这两个历史现象的类似,早在中世纪,在被压迫农民,特别是城市平民的最初的起义中就突出地表现出来了。这些起义同中世纪的所有群众运动一样,总是穿着宗教的外衣,采取为复兴日益蜕化的早期基督教而斗争的形式;但在宗教狂热的背后,每次都隐藏有实实在在的现世利益。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十二卷)》,1986:526 2. The parallel between the tow historic phenomena becomes perfectly obvious as early as the Middle Ages in the first rising of the oppressed peasants and particularly of the town plebeians. These risings, like all mass movements of the Middle Ages, were bound to wear the mask of religion and appeared as the restoration of early Christianity from spreading degeneration, but behind the religious exaltation there were every time extremely tangible worldly interests. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 27), 1972: 448. 3. (三)为了使党政军和人民打成一片,以利于开展明年的对敌斗争和生产运动,各根据地党委和军政领导机关,应准备于明年阴历正月普遍地、无例外地举行一次拥政爱民和拥军优抗的广大规模的群众运动。——《毛泽东选集(第三卷)》,1991:868 3. For the Party, the government and the army to be at one with the people in developing next year’s anti-Japanese struggle and campaign for production, the Party committees and the leading army and government bodies in every single base area should prepare to launch a large-scale mass campaign in the first month of the coming lunar year to “support the government and cherish the people” and to “support the army and give preferential treatment to the families of soldiers who are fighting the Japanese”. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 3), 1965: 134. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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