土地承包经营权【英】

contracted rural land-use rights

译文来源

Report on the Work of Government, 2013. via:
http://book.theorychina.org/upload/d961b96e-de97-4642-8baa-e2cc50a8829d/

定义

土地承包经营权是指农村公民、集体根据法律规定，以合同的方式对集体所有或者国家所有由集体使用的土地、山岭、森林、草原、水面等享有和取得收益的一种权利。土地承包经营权的设立，是党的十一届三中全会以来，我国农村经济体制改革中出现的一个新生事物。1982年12月31日，中共中央政治局讨论通过的《当前农村经济政策的若干问题》中，对土地承包经营权作了充分的肯定，认为“这是在党的领导下，我国农民的伟大创造，是马克思主义农业合作化理论在我国实践中的新发展。”1986年4月12日，六届全国人大四次会议通过的《中华人民共和国民法通则》又将承包经营权以法律的形式固定下来。民法通则规定：“公民、集体依法对集体所有的或者国家所有的由集体使用的土地的承包经营权，受到法律保护。承包双方的权利和义务，依照法律由承包合同规定。”设立土地承包经营权，充分体现了统一经营与分散经营相结合的原则，同时使集体优越性和个人的积极性得到了有力的发挥。实践证明，它完全符合当前我国社会主义商品经济发展的客观情况和实际需要。目前，这种土地承包经营已经成效显著，形成了一整套成功的经验，它不仅在农村得到了巩固和发展，而且也逐步推进到城市的某些生产和经营行业。土地承包经营权只是一种经营方式，承包经营者对承包的土地和财产不享有所有权（张首吉，1992：54-55）。

定义来源

张首吉,杨源新,孙志武.党的十一届三中全会以来新名词术语辞典[Z].济南出版社,1992.

例句

1. 集体林权制度主体改革基本完成，全面推进农村集体土地确权颁证工作，开展农村土地承包经营权登记试点。——《2013年政府工作报告》

1. We basically completed the main tasks for reforming the collective forest tenure system, made comprehensive progress in determining, registering and certifying collective land ownership, and carried out trials for registering contracted rural land-use rights. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2013.

2. 深化农村改革。坚持农村基本经营制度不动摇。要认真搞好土地确权登记颁证。土地承包经营权、宅基地使用权、集体收益分配权是法律赋予农民的财产权利，任何人都不能侵犯。加强土地承包经营权流转管理和服务，发展适度规模经营。严格保护耕地。制定出台农村集体土地征收补偿条例。扶持发展农民专业合作社、产业化龙头企业，开展多种形式的农业社会化服务，发展农业保险，提高农业产业化、组织化程度。深化农村综合改革。推进国有农场、林场体制改革，继续深化集体林权制度改革。——《2012年政府工作报告》

2. We will deepen rural reform. We will uphold the basic rural operation system. We will work diligently to determine, register, and certify land ownership. Farmers' rights to the land they contract to work on, to the land on which their houses sit, and to proceeds from collective undertakings are property rights conferred by law, and these rights must not to be violated by anyone. We will provide better supervision and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop farming operations on an appropriately large scale. We will place farmland under strict protection, and formulate and promulgate regulations concerning compensation for the expropriation of rural collective land. We will support large-scale farming by specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises, encourage various sectors of society to provide services for agriculture, develop agricultural insurance, and increase commercialization and specialization in agriculture. We will deepen comprehensive rural reform. We will also reform systems for managing state-owned farms and forest farms and continue to deepen reform of tenure in collective forests. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2012.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
源于土地承包经营权流转实践并得到政策确认的“三权分离”，在理论上存在较大争议，其焦点是土地承包权应否从土地承包经营权中分离出来。——“论土地承包权与土地承包经营权的分离”，载于《中国法学》2015年第3期
The separation of “three rights”is resulted from practice of transferring land managing right and policy confirmation, but theoretical disputes still exist, where the central issue is whether land contracting right should be separated from right to contract land for management.

例句 2：
目前，理论上和实践中对土地承包经营权流转内涵重要理论问题学界尚未达成共识。——“土地承包经营权流转内涵界定研究”，载于《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2008年第6期
Up to now, no consensus has been reached by researchers and pracitioners on the key theoretical issue of the connotation of the circulation of the right to land contractual management.

例句 3：
中国现行土地承包经营权制度存在的突出问题是制度功能超载和法律权能缺失并存。——“土地承包经营权的功能转型及权能实现——基于农村社会管理创新的视角”，载于《法学研究》2014年第1期
Onerloaded institutional functions and absence of capacity for right are the two most prominent problems in the current system of right to land contractual management in China.