| 字词 | 自然价格 |
| 释义 | 自然价格【英】natural price译文来源[1] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 4) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 50. 定义自然价格是资产阶级古典政治经济学中的概念，与市场价格（或政治价格）相区别，实际是指商品的价值。（自然价格.via：http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/Default_Result.aspx?code=SCDB&kw=%e5%9b%bd%e6%b0%91%e6%94%b6%e5%85%a5&korder=0&sel=1&xkcode=*&db_codes=CJFQ,CDFD,CMFD,CPFD,IPFD,CCND）自然价格主要是由现今社会市场商品的价格组成，绝大部分是指：周边地区的“自然劳动价格水平（平均工资）”、“自然地租（平均场地租借费用）”和“资本利润（投资人期待所生成由资本衍生出来的利润）”。商品的市场价格，有时高于它的自然价格，有时低于它的自然价格，有时和它的自然价格完全相同。 定义来源[1] 自然价格.via： 例句1. 这里有四个相互递进的规定，即社会财富、生产、劳动和货币一般。它们之间构成息息相通、相互依存的关系：从流通到生产，从自然财富到社会财富，从农业到工业，从劳动到货帀一般，从自然价格到政治价格。从哲学历史观的大逻辑看，配第在古典经济学上的开端与进步同时也是哲学历史观大飞跃的起点。——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》，2009: 45 1. Petty proposes four progressively increasing qualifications: social wealth, production, labor, and money in general. These rules form closely intertwined, mutually dependent relations: from circulation to production, from natural wealth to social wealth, from agriculture to industry, from labor to money in general, from natural prices to political prices. From the perspective of the larger logic of philosophical history, Petty’s progress beyond classical economics was also a great leap forward in terms of the perspective of philosophical history. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 19. 2. 在傅立叶主义者和圣西门主义者那里，两只脚继续站在政治经济学基础上的有才能的人，提出了对稿酬的过高要求，并把他关于自己是无价之宝的幻想提出来作为确定其作品的交换价值的标准。蒲鲁东对有才能的人的这些奢望所做的回答，跟政治经济学对任何企图使价格大大超过所谓自然价格（即物品的生产费用）的野心所做的回答一样，这就是说，他指出自由交易来作为回答。——《马克思恩格斯全集（第二卷）》，1957：62 2. Among the followers of Fourier and Saint-Simon, talent puts forward exaggerated fee claims on an economic basis and makes its imagined notion of its infinite value the measure of the exchange value of its products. Proudhon answers it in exactly the same way as political economy answers any claim for a price much higher than the so-called natural price, that is, higher than the cost of production of the object offered. He answers by freedom of contract. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 4), 1975: 50. 3. 固然个别特殊的利润可由商业来说明，“但商业却不能说明余额本身”，这个余额只有在交换中实现，但绝不是在交换中产生的，“每一个有产阶级的原有收入必然来自生产”。资本家与工人的交换“只有当他交换工人的劳动产品能够带来利润时，他才肯同他进行交换”。 所以，当李嘉图在区分自然价格和市场价格时，就指出市场价格的偶然性，同时他还说明，他是着眼于这些现象的本质和规律 ——“自然价格、自然工资和自然利润”。 ——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》，2009: 505 3. Although individual, special profits can be explained by commerce, “commerce cannot explain surplus itself.” This surplus only appears in exchange, but is not created in exchange: “The income of all propertied classes necessarily originates in production.” The exchange between capitalists and workers only takes place when the exchange of the product of the worker’s labor will bring a profit. Therefore, as Ricardo differentiates between natural prices and market prices, he points out that the element of chance affects market prices; at the same time, he also explains that he focuses on the essence and laws of these phenomena—“natural prices, natural wages, and natural profits.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 397. 网络参考例句例句 1： |
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