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字词 劳动的社会生产力
释义

劳动的社会生产力【英】

the social productive power of labour

译文来源

Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 36) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1997: 145.

定义

劳动的社会生产力也称作社会劳动的生产力,指由劳动者的社会结合而形成的(或增加的)生产力。在简单协作、工场手工业和机器大工业中,劳动的社会结合都会产生劳动的社会生产力,这是各自独立地从事分散劳动的劳动者所不能具有的。在资本主义制度下,劳动生产力表现为资本的生产力。马克思阐述了生产过程内部的各种形式的劳动分工和协作对提高生产力的重要作用。他指出:“在固定资本中,劳动的社会生产力表现为资本固有的属性,它既包括科学的力量,又包括生产过程中社会力量的结合,最后还包括从直接劳动转移到机器即死的生产力上的技巧”(马克思,恩格斯,1980:229)。因此,劳动生产力的发展,不是以增加物质财富为目的,不是一般的节约活劳动,而是通过在同样时间内生产更多的使用价值,降低单位商品的价值量,从而缩短工人的必要劳动时间,相对延长剩余劳动时间,以取得更多的剩余价值,实现资本的增殖。这就是说,在资本主义制度下,劳动生产力的增长,使资本致富,也就是使资本支配劳动的权力更加增大,使资本的生产力增长(劳动生产力.via: http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E5%8A%9B)。

定义来源

[1] 马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯全集(第四十六卷)[J].人民出版社,1980.
[2] 劳动生产力.via:http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E5%8A%9B.

例句

1. 因此,工人作为社会工人所发挥的生产力,是资本的生产力。只要把工人置于一定的条件下,劳动的社会生产力就无须支付报酬而发挥出来,而资本正是把工人置于这样的条件之下的。因为劳动的社会生产力不费资本分文,另一方面,又因为工人在他的劳动本身属于资本以前不能发挥这种生产力,所以劳动的社会生产力好象是资本天然具有的生产力,是资本内在的生产力。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷)》,1972:370

1. Hence, the productive power developed by the labourer when working in co-operation, is the productive power of capital. This power is developed gratuitously, whenever the workmen are placed under given conditions, and it is capital that places them under such conditions. Because this power costs capital nothing, and because, on the other hand, the labourer himself does not develop it before his labour belongs to capital, it appears as a power with which capital is endowed by Nature—a productive power that is immanent in capital. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35), 1996: 338.

2. 我们在前面已经看到,随着劳动生产率的发展,从而,随着资本主义生产方式(它比一切以前的生产方式更加发展了劳动的社会生产力)的发展,那种以劳动资料形式一下子全部并入生产过程,并在一个或长或短的时期内在生产过程中不断反复执行职能的生产资料(建筑物、机器等等)的量,不断增大,并且这种生产资料的增大,既是劳动的社会生产力发展的前提,又是它的结果。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十四卷)》,1972:159

2. It was seen previously that with the development of the productivity of labour and therefore also with the development of the capitalist mode of production—which develops the social productive power of labour more than all previous modes of production—there is a steady increase in the mass of means of production (buildings, machinery, etc.) which are incorporated once and for all in the process in the form of instruments of labour, and perform with steady repetition their function in it for a longer or shorter time. It was also observed that this increase is at the same time the premise and consequence of the development of the social productive power of labour. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 36), 1997: 145.

3. 因此,劳动的社会生产力的同一发展,在资本主义生产方式的发展中,一方面表现为利润率不断下降的趋势,另一方面表现为所占有的剩余价值或利润的绝对量的不断增加;结果,可变资本和利润的相对减少总的说来是同二者的绝对增加相适应的。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷上)》,1974:248

3. Thus, the same development of the social productive power of labour expresses itself with the progress of capitalist production on the one hand in a tendency of the rate of profit to fall progressively and, on the other, in a constant growth of the absolute mass of the appropriated surplus value, or profit; so that on the whole a relative decrease of variable capital and profit is accompanied by an absolute increase of both. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37), 1998: 221.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
马克思的社会正义与劳动之间存在三重关系:在理想状态下的人类社会,通过“生命活动”——劳动,人与自然、自己、社会之间生成一种应然的社会正义;在资本主义社会中,由于生命活动的异化(异化劳动),人与自然、自己、社会之间呈现一种异化的关系,各种直接的社会关系被异化为各种物的关系,各种“劳动的社会生产力”和“劳动的社会条件”统治、支配劳动者;在共产主义状态下,随着人的“生命活动”:劳动复归为一种自由、自觉的联合劳动,自由、全面发展的个人结成直接联合体,与自然之间保持一种生态的平衡,不再与自身相异化、不再受到异化物的统治,共同支配各种社会条件和生产力。——“马克思的社会正义与劳动三重关系探究”,载于《教学与研究》2014年第8期
There are three relationships between Marxism social justice and labor. In the ideal state of human society people create a social justice through labor, man and nature, self, society. In the capitalist society, because of the alienation of life activity, alienation appears in the relationship between man and nature, self, society. A variety of “labor productivity” and “social conditions of labor” rule and dominate the workers. In the Communist state, labor returns as a free, conscious and united one. Free and all-round developed individuals join into a direct association and maintain a balance between human and nature.

例句 2:
作为推动生产力发展的源泉,劳动的社会生产力、劳动的科学技术生产力和劳动的自然生产力从不同方面无偿提供“自然力”。——“以社会主义生产关系规定的生产目的引领中国社会经济发展”,载于《改革与战略》2016年第12期
As the source to promote the productive forces, the "nature power" is freely provided, which is formed by the social productive forces of labor, science and technology productive forces of labor, as well as nature productive forces.

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