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字词 三位一体
释义

三位一体【英】

trinity

译文来源

金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:1223.

定义

基督教基本信条之一。它宣称上帝只有一个,但包括圣父、圣子、圣灵三个位格。第一位是圣父,名为耶和华,是从犹太教的教义继承而来,被认为是全能的父,创造有形无形万物的主。第二位是圣子,他在万世以先为圣父所生,为救世人,取肉身成为世人,并且“受死”、“复活”、“升天”,将来必再降临,审判活人死人。第三位是圣灵,为上帝与人的中介,启发人的智慧和信仰,使人弃恶从善。这三个位格并非独立的三个神,而是同一本体,三者构成上帝的统一整体,又不只是一位。教会认为三位一体是奥秘的启示,不可能靠理性来领悟,只能靠信仰来接受。但在圣子和圣父的关系上,教会存在两种看法。一种认为圣子在本质上是跟圣父相同的;另一种则认为圣子在本质上仅仅是类似圣父而已。在圣灵与圣父、圣子的关系上,天主教认为圣灵不仅来自圣父,而且来自圣子;东正教则认为圣灵仅仅从圣父而来(三位一体.via:http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/Default_Result.aspx?code=SCDB&kw=%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%84%E6%9E%90&korder=0&sel=1&xkcode=*&db_codes=CJFQ,CDFD,CMFD,CPFD,IPFD,CCND)。黄承贵、王永义指出,《老子》哲学与基督教哲学代表了中西方哲学最显著的成就,也是中西方思维方式最为突出的体现者。从本体论的角度来考察《老子》之“道”与基督教之“上帝”在思维方式与境界论上的异同,并重点从《老子》“道”的内涵“道”、“无”、“有”之关联与基督教“上帝”的“圣父”、“圣灵”、“圣子”“三位一体”之关联的层面,探讨两者在价值、本体和终极意义上所存在的联系与区别,以期说明两者思维方式的不同(黄承贵等,2006:17)。神的位格问题是宗教理论的核心问题,因为宗教的其他理论诸如拯救论、神人关系论等都是它的展开和补充。西方的基督教把它表述为“三位一体”,而东方的佛教天台宗把它表述为“三身相即”。当用哲学的“体用”观点去剖析它们的相似性时,可以得出这么一个结论:都是在一神论基调下的普世主义的宗教表述而已。

定义来源

[1] 三位一体.via:http://kns.cnki.net/kns/brief/Default_Result.aspx?code=SCDB&kw=%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%84%E6%9E%90&korder=0&sel=1&xkcode=*&db_codes=CJFQ,CDFD,CMFD,CPFD,IPFD,CCND.
[2] 黄承贵,王永义.试比较《老子》之“道”与基督教“三位一体”在本体论上的异同[J].天府新论,2006(3).

例句

1. 在资本利润(或者,更好的形式是资本利息),土地地租,劳动工资中,在这个表示价值和一般财富的各个组成部分同财富的各种源泉的联系的经济三位一体中,资本主义生产方式的神秘化,社会关系的物化,物质生产关系和它的历史社会规定性直接融合在一起的现象已经完成:这是一个着了魔的、颠倒的、倒立着的世界。在这个世界里,资本先生和土地太太,作为社会的人物,同时又自接作为单纯的物,在兴妖作怪。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷)》,1974:938

1. In capital–profit, or still better capital–interest, land–rent, labour–wages, in this economic trinity represented as the connection between the component parts of value and wealth in general and its sources, we have the complete mystification of the capitalist mode of production, the conversion of social relations into things, the direct coalescence of the material production relations with their historical and social determination. It is an enchanted, perverted, topsy-turvy world, in which Monsieur 1e Capital and Madame la Terre do their ghost-walking as social characters and at the same time directly as mere things. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37), 1998: 817.

2. 所以,如果说,在费尔巴哈的人本学异化论中,人本学是神学的秘密,人的本质是上帝的秘密,人的关系是三位一体的秘密;如果说,在赫斯的货币异化论中,人是国民经济学的本质,人的真实类本质——交往关系是货币的本质;那么,在马克思的劳动异化论中,则为人本学是国民经济学的秘密,劳动是资本的秘密(异化劳动是私有财产的秘密),社会的人是货币的秘密!——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:203

2. To summarize Hess and Feuerbach, in Feuerbach’s humanist theory of alienation, humanism is the secret of theology, the essence of man is the secret of God, and human relations are the secret of the trinity, and in Hess’ theory of money alienation, man is the essence of national economy and the true species-essence of man—relations of exchange—are the essence of money. Turning to Marx’s labor theory of alienation, we see the projection of these influences: humanism is the secret of national economy, labor is the secret of capital (alienated labor is the secret of private property), and man in society is the secret of money. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 150-151.

3. 在第104页上,这位圣师认为,费尔巴哈用来把理性、爱和意志所构成的上帝的三位一体变成某种“在个人之中并统治着个人”的东西的那种异端邪说是极其丑恶的,好像现今任何天赋,任何爱好,任何要求在遭到环境妨碍而得不到满足的时候都不能确认自己是一种“在个人之中并统治着个人”的力量似的。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三卷)》,1956:96-97

3. On page 104 the holy father is mightily shocked by the heresy with which Feuerbach transforms the holy trinity of reason, love and will into something that “is in individuals and over individuals”, as though, in our day, every inclination, every impulse, every need did not assert itself as a force “in the individual and the individual”, whenever circumstances hinder their satisfaction. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5), 1975: 102.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
竞争性选拔民主是由人民民主、选举民主与协商民主构成的“三位一体”民主。目前,由于选举民主的“单兵突进”,竞争性选拔出现了民主泛化、民主失真的倾向。因此,必须正确认识三者间关系,综合发挥三种民主的制度优势,建构三位一体的民主体系,以保证竞争性选拔民主在理论上拓展,在实践中完善。——“三位一体的竞争性选拔民主”,载于《江苏行政学院学报》2013年第5期
The competitive selection democracy refers to the democracy constituted by people’s democracy, electoral democracy and deliberative democracy integrated as a whole. Currently, the electoral democracy marches much further than the other two elements, resulting in the tendency of generalized democracy and inauthentic democracy. Therefore, we must correctly understand the relationship among the three elements, give full play to the institutional advantages of the three types of democracy, and build the three-in-one democratic system, so as to ensure the theoretical expansion and practical improvement of competitive selection democracy.

例句 2:
基于马克思主义党建理论与中国革命、建设和改革的实践,陈云在从严治党方面提出过许多具有独创性的论断和主张,形成了较为系统的从严治党思想有机整体,并呈现出以组织建设为依托、以党风建设为先导、以纪律建设为保障的三位一体的特征。——“论陈云从严治党思想的结构特征”,载于《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2016年第4期
Based on the theory of Marxist Party-building and the practice of Chinese revolution, construction and reformation, CHEN Yun put forward many creative assertions and claims and formed an organic whole of strengthening Party self-discipline. The theory of strengthening Party self-discipline reflected the

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