字词 | 剩余价值率 |
释义 | 剩余价值率【英】the rate of surplus value; the rate of surplus-value译文来源[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1998: 359. 定义剩余价值与可变资本的比率,即:剩余价值÷可变资本。剩余价值来源于购买劳动力的可变资本,通过劳动力的使用即劳动创造了剩余价值。因此,剩余价值率同掩盖资本剥削的利润率(剩余价值与预付总资本的比率)相区别,准确地反映了资本家对工人的剥削程度。剩余价值率的另一种表现形式是剩余劳动与必要劳动的比率,即:剩余劳动÷必要劳动。剩余劳动生产剩余价值,必要劳动再生产劳动力价值。因此,剩余价值与可变资本的比率等于剩余劳动与必要劳动的比率。前者是物化劳动的形式,即由物的关系表现剩余价值率的形式;后者是流动劳动的形式,即由活劳动的关系表现剩余价值率的形式。剩余价值率的计算,要从全部产品价值中抽去转移来的不变资本价值,求出新创造的可变资本价值和剩余价值的绝对量,就可计算剩余价值与可变资本的比率(刘炳瑛,1988:788)。 定义来源[1] 刘炳瑛.马克思主义原理辞典[Z].浙江人民出版社,1988. 例句1. 曼德尔自己对当代资本主义的分析包含在他的重要著作——《晚期资本主义》中,其中,他提出了“长波周期”理论,以此来解释资本主义的发展,并试图表明,当代资本主义为何正处于这样一个周期的末尾,因而无法保持剩余价值率。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:345 1. Mandel’s own analysis of contemporary capitalism is contained in his important Late Capitalism where he outlines a theory of ‘long wave cycles’ to explain capitalist development and attempts to show why contemporary capitalism is at the end of a cycle and therefore unable to maintain the rate of surplus value. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 359. 2. 现在我们要分析剩余价值率和它同所生产的剩余价值量的关系。我们在这种研究上像以前一样,假定劳动力的价值是一个一定的不变量。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十六卷)》,1964:346 2. We have next to analyse the rate of surplus-value and its relation to the total quantity of surplus-value produced. In this inquiry, as we have done hitherto, we suppose the value of labour-power to be a determinate constant quantity. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 20), 1985: 255. 3. 在这种假定下,剩余价值率同时又决定着一个工人在一定时间内为资本家提供的剩余价值量。假定劳动力的日价值是3先令,代表6小时劳动,剩余价值率是100%,那末,3先令的可变资本每天就产生3先令的剩余价值,或者说,工人每天提供6小时剩余劳动。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十六卷)》,1964:346 3. Under this supposition, the rate of surplus-value determines at the same time the quantity furnished to the capitalist by a single labourer in a given time. If the value of our labour-power be 3/- a day representing six hours’ labour, and the rate of surplus-value be 100 per cent, then the variable capital of 3/- produces every day a surplus-value of 3/-, or the workman furnishes six hours of surplus-labour every day. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 20), 1985: 255-256. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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