准入前国民待遇【英】

the pre-establishment national treatment

译文来源

Report on the Work of Government, 2016. via: http://english.gov.cn/premier/news/2016/03/17/content_281475309417987.htm

定义

准入前国民待遇是指国民待遇延伸至投资准入阶段，即在企业设立、取得、扩大等阶段给予外国投资者及其投资不低于本国投资者及其投资的待遇。在国际投资法中，国民待遇含义是给予外国投资者及投资的待遇不低于在相似情形下给予本国投资者及投资的待遇。在传统投资协定采取的控制模式中，国民待遇适用于投资建立之后的阶段。而准入前国民待遇则将国民待遇延伸至投资发生和建立前的阶段。投资准入前国民待遇将国民待遇延伸至投资发生和建立前阶段，其核心是给予外资准入权。然而，传统上，国家拥有并保留控制外国人包括外国投资者进入本国的绝对权利，且这项权利至今仍得到国际法承认。，在国际投资法中，国民待遇是一项以条约为基础的义务，其含义是给予外国投资者及投资的待遇不低于在相似情形下给予本国投资者及投资的待遇。各国际投资协定在国民待遇的范围、适用方面存在较大差异。准入前国民待遇适用于投资建立之前，它将平等待遇扩大到准入权，并在国家监管和税收待遇等方面给予法律上和实质上的同等待遇。准入前国民待遇是传统投资协定采取的控制模式与开放投资体制中的自由模式最重要的差别。20世纪末，联合国贸发会甄别、确定了世界各国对待外资准入的五种模式，即控制模式、选择性开放模式、区域工业化项目模式、相互国民待遇模式、国民待遇和最惠国待遇结合模式。（准入前国民待遇.via:
http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%87%86%E5%85%A5%E5%89%8D%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%BE%85%E9%81%87）

定义来源

准入前国民待遇.via:
http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%87%86%E5%85%A5%E5%89%8D%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%BE%85%E9%81%87

例句

1. 深化改革开放，构建发展新体制。发展根本上要靠改革开放。必须全面深化改革，坚持和完善基本经济制度，建立现代产权制度，基本建成法治政府，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，加快形成引领经济发展新常态的体制机制和发展方式。“一带一路”建设取得重大进展，国际产能合作实现新的突破。对外贸易向优进优出转变，服务贸易比重显著提升，从贸易大国迈向贸易强国。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，逐步构建高标准自由贸易区网络，基本形成开放型经济新体制新格局。——《2016年政府工作报告》

1. We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up. We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role and the government better plays its role in resource allocation, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development. We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity. We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality. We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas. With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2016.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
随着国际经济的发展20世纪末在投资领域兴起了“准入前国民待遇”的热潮，“准入前国民待遇＋负面清单”的外资管理模式已逐渐成为国际投资领域的新趋势。——“论双边投资条约中的国民待遇制度及其新发展”，载于《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第4期
With the development of international economy, pre-establishment national treatment becomes a boom in the field of investment at the end of the 20th century. The foreign investment management mode of “pre-establishment national treatment+negative list” has gradually become a new trend of international investment field.

例句 2：
第五轮中美战略与经济对话的一个重要成果是中国同意以准入前国民待遇和负面清单为基础与美国进行投资协定实质性谈判。——“中美直接投资：挑战与破局”，载于《国际经济评论》2013年第5期
But in the 5th-round China-US Srategic and Economic Dialogue, the two sides made a breakthrough after China agreed to enter the essential phase with the US on BIT negotiations based on pre-establishment national treatment and negative list.

例句 3：
中国应主张基于肯定清单的准入前国民待遇的投资自由化谈判方式，并以此推动渐进的投资自由化。——“当前国际投资体制的新特点与中国的战略”，载于《国际经济评论》2013年第2期
Based on analysis of new trends of international investment regime, this article argues that China should adopt and support pre-establishment national treatment and investment liberalization based on positive listing to push forward gradual investment liberalization.