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字词 交错点(又作关节点)
释义

交错点(又作关节点)【英】

knot; nodal point

译文来源

[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:258.
[2] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 1) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1987: 491.

定义

交错点指度两端的数量、极限,是渐进性的中断发生飞跃的点,即是事物由量变到发生质变的一定点。最早由德国哲学家黑格尔在《逻辑学》一书中加以较为完整明确的阐释。他认为,例如水会经历固体、液体和气体三种状态,这些不同的状态,不是逐渐出现的,而是在交错点上,突然出现的,这就是飞跃。唯物辩证法认为,关节点作为事物由量变引起质变的点存在于事物的一切过程之中,它既是前一阶段的结束,又是新阶段量变的开始,它既把不同质的事物区别开来,又把它们联结起来,它是质量互变的契机;关节点可以分为上限和下限,一般地把由量的增加引起事物质变发生的点,叫做上限,把由量的减少而引起事物质变的点,称为下限。度和关节点是互相联系又互相区别的,度是关节点赖以存在的基础,无度则无关节点,关节点又是度的数量标志,是度存在的外部表现。关节点和度量关系关节线也是互为联系又互相区别的。关节点处于度量关系关节线中的关键部位,发挥重要作用,只有在度量关系关节线里,才有关节点上的量变和骤然的质变同时发生并转化的新的量变。要掌握事物的度,首先要找到它的关节点,只有正确地把握事物的关节点,才能正确理解质变和量变的关系,才能认识事物并制定科学的政策(廖盖隆,1993:259)。每一事物及其过程都有两个关节点,即有上限和下限。例如水的0℃。是与冰的关节点,100℃是与蒸汽的关节点。正确掌握事物的关节点,是我们认识事物、制定方针政策的基础(刘佩弦,1988:276)。

定义来源

[1] 廖盖隆.马克思主义百科要览.上卷[Z].人民日报出版社,1993.
[2] 刘佩弦.马克思主义与当代辞典[Z].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1988.

例句

1. 在哲学史上存在着各种关节点,它们使哲学在自身中上升到具体,把抽象的原则结介成统一的整体,从而打断了自线运动,同样也存在着这样的时刻:哲学已经不再是为了认识而注视着外部世界;它作为一个登上了舞台的人物,可以说与世界的阴谋发生了瓜葛,从透明的阿门塞斯土国走出来,投入那尘世的茜林丝的怀抱。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十卷)》,1982:135

1. As in the history of philosophy there are nodal points which raise philosophy in itself to concretion, apprehend abstract principles in a totality, and thus break off the rectilinear process, so also there are moments when philosophy turns its eyes to the external world, and no longer apprehends it, but, as a practical person, weaves, as it were, intrigues with the world, emerges from the transparent kingdom of Amenthes and throws itself on the breast of the worldly Siren. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 1), 1975: 491.

2. 这完全是黑格尔的度量关系的关节线,在这里纯粹量的增多或减少,在一定的关节点上就引起质的飞跃,例如在把水加热或冷却的时候,沸点和冰点就是这种关节点,在这种关节点上——在标准压力下——完成了进入新的聚集状态的飞跃,因此,在这里量就转变为质。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:49

2. This is precisely the Hegelian nodal line of the measure relations which, at certain definite nodal points, purely quantitative increase or decrease gives rise to a qualitative leap; for example, in the case of heated or cooled water, where boiling-point and freezing-point are the nodes at which-under normal pressure - the leap to a new state of aggregation takes place, and where consequently quantity is transformed into quality. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 42-43.

3. 例如,必须有一定的最低强度的电流才能使电灯泡中的自金丝发光,每种金属都有自己的自热点和融解点,每种液体在一定的压力下都有其特定的冰点和沸点,—只要我们有办法造成相应的温度;最后,例如,每种气体都有其临界点,在这一点上相当的压力和冷却能使气体变成液体。一句话,物理学的所谓常数,大部分小外是这样一些关节点的名称,在这些关节点上,运动的量的增加或减少会引起该物体的状态的质的变化,所以在这些关节点上,量转化为质。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十卷)》,1973:404

3. Similarly, a definite minimum current strength is required to cause the platinum wire of an electric incandescent lamp to glow; and every metal has its temperature of incandescence and fusion, every liquid its definite freezing and boiling point at a given pressure—in so far as our means allow us to produce the temperature required; finally also every gas has its critical point at which it can be liquefied by pressure and cooling. In short, the so-called physical constants are for the most part nothing but designations of the nodal points at which quantitative addition or subtraction of motion produces qualitative change in the state of the body concerned, at which, therefore, quantity is transformed into quality. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1987: 359.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
突破ΔG=0这一点,事物的质就发生根本变化,即ΔG=0是量变到质变的关节点。相图中的三相点、电导滴定曲线中的转折点以及溶胶中的ξ=0都是量变到质变的关节点。——“物理化学教学中的哲学问题初探”,载于《衡水师专学报》2003年第4期
To break Point ΔG= 0 can ultimately change the quality of the state, that is, ΔG=0 is the critical point from quantitative change to qualitative change. E=0 in the original battery, the trinomial point in the posture chart, the turning point in the conductance titration curve, the blunt preserving electric current for metal protection and §= 0 in the sol are all the critical point from quantitative change to qualitative change.

例句 2:
法与哲学合二为一是我国刑法的显著特点。质、量、度辩证统一的刑事评判系统,关节点原理对行为规范的刑事界定,矛盾理论支持的全面性,客现性认识,普遍联系中的因果逻辑,形式与内容关系中深遂的刑事或非刑事组合,由此而构筑的特色鲜明的社会主义刑法典,既是一座闪烁着马克思主义理论光辉的大厦,又是新中国刑事司法实践的成果总结,它为造就能够自觉进行辩证思维的无产阶级司法队伍提供了条件。——“论我国刑法的辩证性质”,载于《宁波大学学报(人文科学版)》1995年第3期
The unity of law and philosophy is the distinct characteristic of China's criminal law the dialectical unity of quality, quantity and degree; the decisiveness of crucial points in penal judgement; the overall and objective understanding supported by the contradiction theory; the principle of causality; the relationships of the content and form and of the criminal and non-criminal natures. All these contribute to a distinct socialistic penal code. It reflects the Marxist theories and is the summation of the a

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