字词 | 无产阶级文化派(又作无产阶级文化协会) |
释义 | 无产阶级文化派(又作无产阶级文化协会)【英】the Proletcult people; Proletcult; Proletkult译文来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:756. 定义无产阶级文化派,是以无产阶级文化协会为基本组织的苏联早期文化派别。实际上,“无产阶级文化派”思潮的哲学基础是波格丹诺夫的马赫主义观点。他们所理解的文化不是社会历史发展的合乎规律的结果,而是“社会地组织起来的经验”,是个人感觉经验的总和(无产阶级文化派.via:http://baike.so.com/doc/8663685-8985191.html)。俄国无产阶级文化协会成立于1917年9月,是进行文学、戏剧、音乐、美术等活动的群众性团体。1918年春,波格丹诺夫等人控制了协会的领导机构和刊物,开始散布反马克思主义观点,要求文化自治,拒绝苏维埃政府和教育人民委员部的领导;宣扬摒弃文化遗产,主张在“实验室”的条件下,建立所谓“纯粹的”无产阶级文化。无产阶级文化派的理论家们则把无产阶级文化理解为工人阶级的特殊的文化,认为这种文化是可以在机关里关起门来人为的创造出来的。无产阶级文化派的错误表现在:(1)无产阶级文化派采取了全盘否定的态度。(2)无产阶级文化派采取了异想天开反历史唯物主义态度。(3)无产阶级文化派公然主张“独立”和“自治”的立场。起初,列宁对无产阶级文化派寄予厚望,随着文化派的错误倾向愈来愈明显,列宁同无产阶级文化派的斗争表现在:第一,“反对无产阶级文化派组织上的宗派主义” (李辉,1993 : 73);第二,“反对无产阶级文化派对待文化遗产问题的虚无主义”;第三,“反对鲍格丹诺夫的哲学邪说”。 定义来源[1] 无产阶级文化派.via:http://baike.so.com/doc/8663685-8985191.html 例句1. 我刚刚把《我们是集体主义者》(即前进派、波格丹诺夫派和无产阶级文化派等)这个纲领全部看了一遍,最后得出的结论是:把它编成小册子,加上极为详尽的批判,还要有一篇关于波格丹诺夫在1917年的政治言论的文章以及其他材料,刊印2000—3000本,这样做对我们无疑是有益的,也是必要的。——《列宁全集(第四十二卷)》,1987:299 1. Having now fully read the platform “We Are Collectivists” (Vperyod-ites, Bogdanov-ites, Proletcult people, etc.), I have finally come to the conclusion that it would be unquestionably useful for us and necessary to print it as a pamphlet in 2,000-3,000 copies, with the most circumstantial critique, with an addition of an article on Bogdanov’s political statements in 1917, etc. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1976: 392 2. 对无产阶级文化派最精辟的批评来自托洛茨基,他可是文学方面最有才干的布尔什维克领袖。在《文学与革命》中,他否定“马克思主义”艺术的存在,正如他曾拒绝接受内战期间某些人提出的"无产阶级的"军事战略的概念一样。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:128 2. The most sophisticated critique of Proletkult came from Trotsky, by far the most talented of the Bolshevik leaders in literary matters. In his Literature and Revolution Trotsky denied the existence of ‘Marxist’ military art just as he had repudiated the notion of a specifically ‘proletarian’ strategy that some had advocated during the Civil War. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 137. 3. 作为弥补这一缺陷的尝试,俄国于1917年创立了无产阶级文化派组织。这个组织独立于布尔什维克党,其核心人物是列宁的哲学夙敌波格丹诺夫。该组织还得到了新任教育人民委员卢那察尔斯基(Lunacharsky)和《真理报》(Pravda)编辑布哈林的支持。无产阶级文化派以培植特定的无产阶级艺术形式来领导文化上的(相对于政治上的或经济上的而言)革命为己任。1920年,它主持创建了全俄无产阶级作家协会。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:128 3. An attempt to fill this gap was the founding in 1917 of the Proletkult organisation. This organisation was independent of the Bolshevik party: its moving spirit was Lenin’s old philosophical enemy Bogdanov and it had the support of the new Commissar for Education, Lunacharsky, and of Bukharin, editor of Pravda. Proletkult conceived itself to be leading the cultural (as opposed to the political or economic) revolution by fostering specifically proletarian forms of art. In 1920 it sponsored an all-Russian Association of Proletarian Writers (VAPP). -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 137. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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