改革开放【英】

reform and opening up

译文来源

Xi Jinping, Xi Jiping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 13.

定义

1978年，党的十一届三中全会确立了把工作重点转移到经济建设方面的基本路线，并在此基础上制定了一系列新的方针政策，主要是改革和开放政策。旧的僵化的体制严重阻碍了生产力的发展，而适应社会发展的历史要求，对生产关系和上层建筑中不适应生产力发展的部分进行改革，是社会主义制度的自我完善。改革包括经济体制改革、政治体制改革和相应的其它各个领域的改革。当代国际经济关系越来越密切，任何国家都不可能在封闭状态下求发展，中国要进行社会主义现代化建设，就必须广泛地开展对外经济技术交流和合作，逐步缩小同发达国家的差距。在坚持对外开放的同时，国内各地区之间也要互相开放，充分利用国内、国外两种资源，开拓国内和国外两个市场，组织国内建设和发展对外经济关系相结合。十一届三中全会以来，中国把改革开放作为长期的基本国策，在实践中取得了令人瞩目的成就（廖盖隆，1993：2942）。

定义来源

廖盖隆.社会主义百科要览[Z].人民日报出版社，1993.

例句

1. 解放和发展社会生产力是中国特色社会主义的根本任务，所以必须坚持以经济建设为中心，以科学发展为主题，实现以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展。改革开放是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，所以必须始终把改革创新精神贯彻到治国理政各个环节，不断推进我国社会主义制度自我完善和发展。公平正义是中国特色社会主义的内在要求，所以必须在全体人民共同奋斗、经济社会发展的基础上，加紧建设对保障社会公平正义具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立社会公平保障体系。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：13

1. Freeing and developing the productive forces is a fundamental task of Chinese socialism — this is why we must focus on economic development and pursue a people-oriented, all-round, coordinated, proper and sustainable development. Reform and opening up is the only way leading to Chinese socialism—this is why we must always apply the spirit of reform and innovation to all aspects of governance, and continuously promote the self-improvement and development of China’s socialist system. Fairness and justice are inherent requirements of Chinese socialism—this is why we must, relying on the concerted efforts of all the Chinese people and based on economic and social development, double our efforts to develop institutions that are vital to ensuring social fairness and justice, and establish in due course a system for guaranteeing social equity. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 13-14.

2. 党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，面对错综复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，我们继续坚持稳中求进工作总基调，深化改革开放，实施一系列利当前、惠长远的重大举措，“十二五”规划确定的主要目标任务全面完成，一是经济持续较快发展。国内生产总值年均增长7.8%，经济总量稳居世界第二位，成为全球第一货物贸易大国和主要对外投资大国。——《2016年政府工作报告》

2. Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home. However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits. As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan. First, a high rate of economic development was maintained. During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7. 8%. This growth enabled China to comfortably gain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government 2016.

3. 习近平总书记指出：“我们党领导人民进行社会主义建设，有改革开放前和改革开放后两个历史时期，这是两个相互联系又有重大区别的时期，但本质上都是我们党领导人民进行社会主义建设的实践探索。”不能用后一个历史时期否定前一个历史时期，也不能用前一个历史时期否定后一个历史时期。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》，2013：25

3. General Secretary Xi Jinping said: “The process by which the people build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics under the leadership of the Party can be divided into two historical phrases – one that preceded the launch of reform and opening up in 1978, and a second that followed on from that event. The two phrases – at once related to and distinct from each other, are both pragmatic explorations in building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics by the people under the leadership of the Party.” The former historical period cannot be denied by the latter and vice versa. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China—On General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Significant Instruction on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 13-14.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
改革开放伟大事业，是以邓小平为核心的第二代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民开创的。——“邓小平与改革开放三十年”，载于《中共党史研究》2008年第6期
The great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party’s second generation of central collective leadership with Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.

例句 2：
30多年来，我国在经济、政治、文化、社会建设等方面取得的巨大历史性成就，创造的中国发展“奇迹”，最重要的原因之一就是坚持以中国化马克思主义为指导，在实践基础上形成和贯彻了邓小平改革开放的方法论，并在思想、价值、实践等层面提出一系列紧密相连、相互贯通的科学方法。——“论邓小平改革开放的方法论及其现实意义”，载于《社会主义研究》2014年第4期
The great achievements, so-called Chinese development miracle, China had made in economic, political, cultural, social construction over the past 30 years, primarily due to adhering to the guidance of Marx’s Chinanization, forming and carrying out the methodology of Deng Xiaoping reform and opening up based on practice, and putting forward scientific methods at the level of ideology, practice and value field.

例句 3：
改革开放历史新时期，党经过不同的发展阶段，在开创中国特色社会主义道路的实践中，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系。——“改革开放的历史进程和中国特色社会主义理论体系”，载于《中共党史研究》2009年第1期
In the new historical period of reform and opening up and through different stages of development the Communist Party of China has evolved the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics during the practice of exploring and creating the path of socialism with Chinese char