字词 | 技术 |
释义 | 技术【英】technology译文来源[1] 金炳华.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001: 599. 定义技术是指人类为了满足自身的需求和愿望,在长期利用和改造自然的过程中,积累起来的利用现有事物形成新事物,或是改变现有事物功能、性能的方法总和。从本质上说,技术是一种劳动的形态,是人类自身功能的对象化的产物,源自希腊语lechne,意为“工艺、技能”(金炳华,2001:599)。汉语出自《史记·货殖列传》:“医方诸食技术之人,焦神极能,为重糈也。”宋陆游《老学庵笔记》卷三:“忽有一道人,亦美风表,多技术……张若水介之来谒。”清朝侯方域《再与贾三兄书》:“盖足下之性好新异,喜技术,作之不必果成,成之不必果用,然凡可以尝试为之者,莫不为之。”从过程上看,技术包括生产工具以及生产的工艺过程或作业程序。技术应具备明确的使用范围和被其它人认知的形式和载体,如原材料(输入)、产成品(输出)、工艺、工具、设备、设施、标准、规范、指标、计量方法等,同时,也需在在实际中多多磨练才能找到自己技术所在地。 定义来源金炳华.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:599. 例句1. 因为科学社会主义是一种来自观察、并被一些熟练的学者以一种社会技术的形式加以运用的理论,所以一个组织完备的党的经常性责任就是去传播阶级意识,并向无产阶级提供一种连贯的政治理论;而零敲碎打的改良主义主张是永远不够的。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2005:180 1. For scientific socialism was a theory derived from observation and then applied by skilled scholars in a kind of social technology. Thus the ever-present duty of a well-organised party was to spend class consciousness and provide the proletariat with a coherent political theory. Piecemeal reformist demands were never enough. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 188. 2. 恩格斯因其误读了康德,尤其是未能认识到物自体的不可知性质,而沉溺于这一任务(在恩格斯看来,它是一种隐藏着的自然性质,可以通过科学和技术的应用揭示出来)。如果物自体没有得到适当的理解,那么唯心主义哲学的缺陷就无法通过马克思主义真正地呈现出来,而恩格斯的干涉,在哲学上看来,显得令人困窘。——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:118 2. Engels is taken to task for his misreading of Kant, in particular his failure to recognise the unknowable quality of the thing-in-itself (for Engels it was a hidden quality in nature which could be brought out by the application of science and technology). Unless the thing-in-itself is properly understood then the failings of idealist philosophy cannot really be addressed by Marxism, and Engels’s intervention simply proves to be philosophically embarrassing. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 76. 3. 通俗一些说,在资本主义市场经济的同一化(也称现代化或世俗化)进程中,一切都被技术标准化征服,一切都被科学一体化管理,一切都被交换同质化(量化)同一,这必然导致一种单质的贫乏的经验生活(下面我们要讨论,主体异质的鲜活经验在阿多诺这里几乎就是生命本体之意义)。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2011:12 3. In other words, in the process of identification (it can be called modernization or civilization) of capitalist market economy, everything is dominated by the standardization of technology; everything is administered by incorporation of science; everything is identified by the homogeneity (quantification) of exchange: it must result in a monotone and impoverished life of experience (later we will discuss that, the heterogeneous living experiences of subject, in Adorno’s eyes, imply the authentic significance of life). -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 29. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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