字词 | 功利主义思想(又作效益主义,边沁主义) |
释义 | 功利主义思想(又作效益主义,边沁主义)【英】utilitarianism译文来源Zhang Yibing. A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek [M]. Berlin: Canut International Publishers, 2011: 221. 定义功利主义的思想起源于18世纪的欧洲,崇尚个人追求最大快乐,认为社会利益与个人私利是一致的,通过个人追求最大快乐,最终实现社会的最大多数人的最大幸福。功利主义的集大成者是英国学者边沁(J·Bentyam),因此功利主义又经常称为边沁主义。 定义来源刘伟.经济学大辞典[Z].团结出版社,1994. 例句1. 显而易见,莫斯的思想在法国理论界一路披靡、应声遍野,这种声势在上一世纪80年代达到巅峰,其时法国社会学家卡耶竟至发起了一场卷入人数甚众的跨学科“莫斯运动”(“在社会科学中反对功利主义的运动”)。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2011:157 1. As a matter of fact, Mauss’s thought was well accepted wherever it spread in the French academia. His fame reached the summit in the 1980s, when a handful of French sociologists launched a famous interdisciplinary Movement of Anti-Utilitarianism in Social Science, in a word, “MAUSS”. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 221. 2. 早在上世纪20年代中叶,巴塔耶就在与超现实主义的交往中以拥戴著名色情作家萨德思想的“低下”异质性而区别于那种超现实的精英主义。有理由相信,巴塔耶的哲学思想从一开始就走上了一种反对精英主义的草根性逻辑。那时,不同于占有和功利主义的世俗社会的无效用的“排泄”和异质性宗教生活已经成为巴塔耶思考的焦点。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2011:158 2. As early as in the mid-1920s he had communicated with the surrealists, but Bataille kept off their elitism. He supported the “vulgar” heterogeneity of the famous pornographic writer Marquis de Sade. (It is reasonable to believe that Bataille’s philosophy gets on with an anti-elitist grassrootsism from the very beginning.) At that time, Bataille already focused on the nonuseful secular “excretion” in a society of possession and utilitarianism as well as the heterogeneous religious life. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 221. 3. 物(商品)对其自身位置的信仰(the thing (commodities) themselves believe in their place)取代了主体的信仰:本该由理性的、功利主义的人格加以超越的所有的信仰、迷信和形而上学的神秘性现在似乎又体现在“物与物之间的社会关系”中,主体不再信仰,但物本身替他们信仰。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2011:395 3. The things (commodities) themselves believe in their place, instead of the subjects: it is as if all their beliefs, superstitions and metaphysical mystifications, supposedly surmounted by the rational, utilitarian personality, are embodied in the “social relations between things”. They no longer believe, but things themselves believe for them. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 506. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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