节鼓【英】

Grid Drums

定义

节鼓，状如博局(棋盘)，中间圆孔，适容其鼓，击之节乐也”。隋《九部乐》、唐《十部乐》清商乐用之。估计节鼓比大鼓略小，比小鼓略大，敦煌壁画有节鼓图像。鼓面平形，呈上、下状，用褪击之。如第156窟(晚唐)有一乐伎持双褪在演奏此鼓，其侧一持箭者在弯弓射箭，节鼓似在为其助兴、鼓劲。敦煌壁画鼓类大多鼓面为纵形状，而节鼓鼓面为平行状(平面)，用槌击之，更能表现其音响效果。

It is so called as the head of the drum looks like the checkerboard. There is a hole in the middle to place the drum. It is usually played in the Nine Ensembles of the Sui Dynasty, Ten Ensembles of Tang Dynasty and in Qingshang Music. From the picture of Grid Drums in the Dunhuang frescoes, it is estimated that the size is between the big drum and small drum. The musicians beat it with “Tui”. This is depicted in the fresco in Cave No.156 of the Late Tang Dynasty where there is a musician playing it with “Tui” in both hands. Next to the musician, there is an archer bending the bow and shooting an arrow. It looks as if the musician is playing the drum to encourage the archer. Most of the drums on the frescoes are placed vertically but the grid drum is placed horizontally. In this way, it may sound more impressive when beaten.