字词 | 分配 |
释义 | 分配【英】distribution; apportionment; allocation; assignment; allotment译文来源[1] Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 56. 定义分配的概念主要包括:①按一定的标准或规定分(东西),如:分配劳动果实。②安排;分派,如:合理分配劳动力。③在经济学上,分配是指把生产资料分给生产单位或把消费资料分给消费者。 定义来源分配.via:http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D 例句1. 西斯蒙第特别批评斯密的“坏学生”李嘉图,“他根本不考虑人的问题,他只说这门科学的目的就是无限制地增加财富。西斯蒙第有些伤感地说,李嘉图恰恰“把人遗忘了,而财富正是属于人而且为人所享受的”。在西斯蒙第看来,人的消费应该是经济生活的目的,生产不过是满足消费的物质手段,分配则是生产与消费之间的中介。他主张消费决定生产。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:89 1. Sismondi especially criticizes Ricardo, who he calls “Smith’s bad student,” accusing Ricardo of “completely abstracting man, proposing as purpose of [political economy] only the unlimited growth of wealth”. Sismondi caustically comments that Ricardo “plunges into abstractions that cause man, to whom wealth belongs and who is the primary beneficiary of it, to completely disappear from view.” In Sismondi’s opinion, human consumption should be the purpose of economic life. Production is only the material means by which consumption is satisfied, while distribution acts as an intermediary between production and consumption. Sismondi argued that consumption determines production. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 56. 2. 这种社会主义很会揭示现代生产关系中的矛盾。它揭穿了经济学家的伪善的辩护伎俩。它确凿地证明了机器生产和分工的破坏作用,资本和地产的集中,生产过乘的危机,小资产者和小农的必然没落,无产阶级的贫困,生产的无政府状态,各民族之间的歼灭性的工业战争,以及旧道德、日常家庭关系和旧民族性的解体等。可是,按其积极内容来说,这种社会主义不是力谋恢复旧的生产和交换资料,从而恢复旧的所有制关系和旧的社会,就是力谋重新把现代的生产和交换资料硬塞进已被这些资料突破而且必然要突破的那种旧的所有制关系的框子里去。在前后两种场合,它都既是反动的,又是空想的。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四卷):共产党宣言》,1958:494 2. This school of Socialism dissected with great acuteness the contradictions in the conditions of modern production. It laid bare the hypocritical apologies of economists. It proved, incontrovertibly, the disastrous effects of machinery and division of labour; the concentration of capital and land in a few hands; over-production and crises; it pointed out the inevitable ruin of the petty bourgeois and peasant, the misery of the proletariat, the anarchy in production, the crying inequalities in the distribution of wealth, the industrial war of extermination between nations, the dissolution of old moral bonds, of the old family relations, of the old nationalities. In its positive aims, however, this form of Socialism aspires either to restoring the old means of production and of exchange, and with them the old property relations, and the old society, or to cramping the modern means of production and of exchange, within the framework of the old property relations that have been, and were bound to be, exploded by those means. In either case, it is both reactionary and Utopian. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 6): Manifesto of the Communist Party, 1976: 509-510. 3. 分工包含着所有这些矛盾,而且又是以家庭中自然产生的分工和社会分裂为单独的、互相对立的家庭这一点为基础的。与这种分工同时出现的还有分配,而且是劳动及其产品的不平等的分配(无论在数量上或质量上)因而也产生了所有制,它的萌芽和原始形态在家庭中已经出现,在那里妻子和孩子是丈夫的奴隶。家庭中的奴隶制(诚然,它还是非常原始和隐蔽的)是最早的所有制,但就是这种形式的所有制也完全适合于现代经济学家所下的定义,即所有制是对他人劳动力的支配。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三卷:德意志意识形态)》,1956:36-37 3. The division of labour in which all these contradictions are implicit, and which in its turn is based on the natural division of labour in the family and the separation of society into individual families opposed to one another, simultaneously implies the distribution, and indeed the unequal distribution, both quantitative and qualitative, of labour and its products, hence property, the nucleus, the first form of which lies in the family, where wife and children are the slaves of the husband. This latent slavery in the family, though still very crude, is the first form of property, but even at this stage it corresponds perfectly to the definition of modern economists, who call it the power of disposing of the labour-power of others. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5): The German Ideology, 1975: 46. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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