凝聚力     【英】

cohesion; coagulability

译文来源

[1]He Yiting. The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China—On General Secretary Xi Jinping’ s Significant Instructions on the “Chinese Dream” [M]. London: New Classic Press, 2015: 55.
[2]金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2003：659.

定义

文化学、伦理学术语。原为物理学概念，指物质结构中分子与分子、原子与原子之间粘合在一起的某种内在力量。后引申为文化学、伦理学的概念，常指集体或某一社会公共体内部各成员因共同的利益和价值目标结为一有机整体的某种聚合力。由于存在凝聚力，社会共同体才保持者自身的内在规定性，一旦凝聚力消失，社会共同体便会趋于解体。民族凝聚力或国家凝聚力是文化学、伦理学中最具代表性的凝聚力概念。民族凝聚力是使民族结成统一的有机整体以确保其生存和发展的内在力量。中华民族是一个有着强大凝聚力的民族。中华民族凝聚力是在各兄弟民族产生的基础上，通过长期的民族之间的经济文化交流、民族融合逐步产生的，本质上是把中华民族全体成员结成一个统一的有机整体并确保中华民族生存、发展的内在力量（金炳华，2003：659）。在科学发展观的指导下，我国经济社会文化的发展将使国家凝聚力和民族凝聚力的同一性更加巩固和发展。民族是人们在历史上形成的一个有共同语言、共同地域、共同经济生活以及表现于共同文化上的共同心理素质的稳定的共同体（斯大林，1953：294）。随着共同的现代经济生活和教育文化事业的发展，不仅各民族自己的语言文字得到了传承和发展，汉语也逐渐成为各民族的共同语言，使中华民族意识、民族精神得到培育与升华，在共同文化基础上就会形成共同的心理素质（马中柱，2009：4）。心理现象是客观现实特别是社会存在在人脑中的反映，随着中华民族的共同语言、共同地域与共同经济生活与共同现代教育的发展，中华民族的凝聚力就会增强。

定义来源

[1]金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞文出版社，2003.
[2]斯大林.斯大林全集（第二卷）[M].人民出版社，1953.
[3]马中柱.论国家凝聚力与民族凝聚力[J].岭南学刊，2009（04）.

例句

1. 80多年来，我军之所以能始终保持强大的凝聚力向心力战斗力，经受住各种考验，不断从胜利走向胜利，最根本的就是靠党的坚强领导。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》，2015：64

1. For the past 80 years, the strong Party leadership has been the fundamental reason why the Chinese army could maintain the strong cohesion, centripetal force and combat effectiveness in front of all kinds of tasks, and achieve victories one after another. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China— On General Secretary Xi Jinping’ s Significant Instructions on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 55.

2. 我们党有 8500多万党员，在一个幅员辽阔、人口众多的发展中大国执政。如果党的政治纪律成为摆设，就会形成 “一人违纪，众人随之”的 “破窗效应”，使党的章程、原则、制度、部署统 统丧失严肃性和权威性，党就会沦为各取所需、自行其是的 “私人俱乐部”，就会失去凝聚力和战斗力，党的政治理想、政治纲领、政治目标也就无从谈起。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》，2015：93

2. We have more than 85 million Party members in China, a country with a vast territory with abundant resources and a large population. The sense of discipline is extremely vital, because of the “broken window effect”, which is a criminological theory of the norm-setting and signaling effect of social disorder and vandalism on more crimes and anti-social behaviors, that is to say, “as soon as one breaks the law, others will follow suit.” If the “broken window effect” took place, the constitution, principle, system and deployment of Party would not have any seriousness and authority. Then the political party would turn to be a “private club” without any cohesion and battle effectiveness, let alone the political ideal, political program and political goal. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China— On General Secretary Xi Jinping’ s Significant Instructions on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 86.

3. 面对新形势新任务，欧美同学会·中国留学人员联谊会要发挥群众性、高知性、统战性的特点和优势，立足国内、开拓海外，努力成为留学报国的人才库、建言献策的智囊团、开展民间外交的生力军，成为党联系广大留学人员的桥梁纽带、党和政府做好留学人员工作的助于、广大留学人员之家，把广大留学人员紧密团结在党的周围。要关心留学人员工作、学习、生活，反映愿望诉求，维护合法权益,不断增强吸引力和凝聚力。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：61

3. Facing a new situation and new tasks, the Western Returned Scholars Association and Chinese Overseas-educated Scholars Association must give full play to its advantages as a people’s organization and a united front with prominent intellectuals as its members, based in China while reaching out overseas to turn itself into a talent pool in the service of the country, a think tank of good ideas and proposals and a vital force in people-to-people diplomacy; and strive to become a bridge between the Party and the overseas students and scholars, an assistant in the work of the Party and government towards them, and a warm home to rally overseas students and scholars closely around the Party. The Association should care for the work, study and life of overseas Chinese students and scholars reflect their wishes and views, protect their lawful rights and interests, and constantly enhance the Association’s appeal and cohesion. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 66-67.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
民族凝聚力实质上是民族文化的凝聚力，民族凝聚力的核心是民族精神，民族凝聚力是民族精神的外在表现；民族凝聚力必须有与时俱进的民族精神作指导，否则民族就会缺少凝聚力而成为“一盘散沙”或者走向负面“凝聚”。——《当代中华民族凝聚力析论》，中南民族大学硕士学位论文，2009
National cohesion is the cohesion of the national culture in essence. The core of national cohesion is the national spirit. The national cohesion is the external performance of the national spirit. National cohesion must be advancing with the times to be guided by the national spirit. Otherwise, the nation will become “a mess” or go to negative “pool” because of the lack of national cohesion.

例句 2：
党的凝聚力问题是中国共产党自成立以来无时不关注的重大问题，也是当前关系到中国共产党执政安全的关键性问题。——《新时期邓小平增强党的凝聚力思想探析》，河南大学硕士学位论文，2010
The Party’s cohesion issue is a major concern for the Party since the Chinese Communist Party is founded. Meanwhile, It is currently related to the safety of the Chinese Communist Party.

例句 3：
文章是对中华民族凝聚力的探讨，针对中华民族凝聚力的内容，及影响边疆地区中华民族凝聚力的消极因素进行分析，并提出了对策性建议。——《边疆民族地区增强中华民族凝聚力研究》，新疆师范大学硕士学位论文，2013
This paper is a discussion of the cohesion of the Chinese nation, the cohesion of the Chinese nation, content analysis of negative factors, the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of border area, and puts forward suggestions.