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字词 对话
释义

对话【英】

dialogue

译文来源

[1] Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 153.
[2] Dialog. via: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialog

定义

对话,德国伽达默尔用语。用以比喻解释者与解释对象之间的关系。伽达默尔受柏拉图对话中苏格拉底辩证法的启发,将对话概念纳入到他的解释学的体系。伽达默尔认为,对话不由对话者个人的意志决定,而是对话双方围绕共同论题进行对话,双方都为对话的共同议题所决定,双方的对话只是共同议题的交流,只是作为一个主体的对话的一种表现形式,双方的相互依赖只是共同议题下检查双方的得失,补充对方的论点,推动对话前进。(金炳华,2003:1048)伽达默尔用对话模式形容理解活动,从而赋予它以解释学的含义,成为解释学的重要概念。他认为,理解活动既不是理解者占主导地位的自我反思过程,也不是力求抛弃自我,使自己完全置身于本文中去的移情过程。理解应该是理解者与本文之间的持久对话。如同日常对话中对话双方都被对话本身引着走的情况一样,作为理解活动的对话,理解者和本文都不是对话的主导方面,他们都被对话过程本身引着走。对话原是为着解答对方的问题,但对话得以进行的前提又在于能够提出正确的问题。同时,每一次正确的回答往往又能引出进一步的问题。对话是一个开放的、无限进行的过程。按对话模式进行的理解和解释也就因此而成为一个无限进行的过程。伽达默尔的对话模式是从他对艺术经验的探讨中,从艺术游戏的概念中提炼出来的。尽管他的对话概念同维特根斯坦的“语言游戏”有着相似之处,但他的对话概念并非取自于维特根斯坦,而是他独立创造的结果。(李鹏程等,2003:55)

定义来源

[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.
[2] 李鹏程等. 当代西方文化研究新词典[Z].吉林人民出版社,2003.

例句

1. 我们要建设改革进步之桥,把中欧两大改革进程连接起来。中国和欧盟都在经历人类历史上前所未有的改革进程,都在走前人没有走过的路。双方要加强在宏观经济、公共政策、区域发展、农村发展、社会民生等领域对话和合作,尊重双方的改革道路,借鉴双方的改革经验,以自身改革带动世界发展进步。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:283

1. We need to build a bridge of reform and progress, linking the reform process in China and the EU. Both China and the EU are pursuing reforms that are unprecedented in human history, and both are sailing uncharted waters. We should enhance dialogue and cooperation on macro economy, public policy, regional development, rural development, social welfare and other fields. We need to respect each other’s paths of reform, draw upon each other’s reform experience, and promote world development and progress through our reform effects. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 310.

2. 我们看到,在接下来的几乎所有的摘录中,马克思已经开始有能力对经济学的具体理论内容进行批注,甚至还出现了不少极其出色的思想发挥。马克思在如此短暂的时间内就进入一个全新的专业学科视域,这种疾风迅雷般的快速变化是极其罕见的。当然,我也要说,此时的马克思手中还没有科学的方法,那么,马克思是通过什么来与李嘉图对话的呢?——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:170

2. We can see that beginning from this point onward, Marx begins to be able to comment with force on the specific theoretical content of economics, even producing a fair number of remarkable philosophical insights. Marx’s debut into a whole new level of professional academic ability in such a short period of time is truly rare indeed. Of course Marx, at this time, did not yet possess a true scientific method; so what line of reasoning did he use in his dialogue with Ricardo? -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 124.

3. 《1844年手稿》的第一笔记本的语境是十分复杂的。以我之见,它实际上展现为三种不同的话语:一是处于被告席上的资产阶级社会制度及国民经济学(直接被反驳的对象);二是蒲鲁东一青年恩格斯的审判与指认;三是马克思超越这种在国民经济学范围内指控资产阶级社会的哲学人本主义批判(里面又暗含着自然唯物主义前提)。这无疑是一种十分深入又极其复杂的理论对话。因而,我们一旦抽离了马克思当时经济学研究的具体语境,就根本无法理解马克思这里极具针对性的深层批判逻辑。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:206-207

3. The context of the first notebook in the 1844 Manuscript is extremely complex. I believe that there are three different discourses present in this notebook: first is a refutation of the bourgeois social system and national economy; second is an evaluation and confirmation of Proudhon and young Engels; third is Marx’s supersession of the simple philosophical humanist criticism of political economy from within its own scholarly field (also implying a natural materialist premise). This is, without a doubt, an extremely profound and complex theoretical dialogue. Therefore, if we move away from the specific context of Marx’s economics research at that time, we will be unable to grasp Marx’s deep, critical, and very targeted logic. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 153-154.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
结语部分对对话批评进行了未来展望与批判,指出了对话批评是一种通往未来的、理想的文学批评;同时也指出确保主体间对话关系的普遍性和永久性是十分困难的。——《西方对话批评理论研究》,山东师范大学硕士学位论文,2015
IV criticism and criticism of the dialogue, points out that dialogue criticism is a literary criticism to the future and an ideal literary criticism. Also pointed out that to ensure the universality and the permanent inter subjective dialogue relations is very difficult.

例句 2:
中美战略与经济对话机制研究,中美两个世界性大国能否规避“权力转移”的陷阱,避免“大国政治的悲剧”,构建一种“新型大国关系”,是时代赋予中美两国的重要的战略课题。——《中美战略与经济对话机制研究》,吉林大学硕士学位论文,2013
A Study on the Mechanism of China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogue It is a strategic task that the era has assigned to China and U.S., two superpowers in the world, that whether they would be able to avoid the trap of “transfer of power” and “tragedy of great-power politics” and build a kind of “new great-power relations”.

例句 3:
《尤利西斯》是著名爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的杰作,是一部实验与革新之作,其对话与狂欢化特征是这部小说的独特艺术特征。——《<尤利西斯>的对话与狂欢化艺术》,上海外国语大学博士学位论文,2013
Ulysses is the masterpiece of the well-known Irish writer, James Joyce. It is an experimental and innovative work. The dialogic and carnivalized features are the unique artistic features of the novel. The study of this novel in China in this aspect began quite late and has produced few works.

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